1 files changed, 51 insertions, 37 deletions
diff --git a/django/db/models/base.py b/django/db/models/base.py
index dcfdd6eade..97fcdb81a4 100644
--- a/django/db/models/base.py
+++ b/django/db/models/base.py
@@ -776,6 +776,43 @@ class Model(AltersData, metaclass=ModelBase):
             return getattr(self, field_name)
         return getattr(self, field.attname)
 
+    # RemovedInDjango60Warning: When the deprecation ends, remove completely.
+    def _parse_params(self, *args, method_name, **kwargs):
+        defaults = {
+            "force_insert": False,
+            "force_update": False,
+            "using": None,
+            "update_fields": None,
+        }
+
+        warnings.warn(
+            f"Passing positional arguments to {method_name}() is deprecated",
+            RemovedInDjango60Warning,
+            stacklevel=2,
+        )
+        total_len_args = len(args) + 1  # include self
+        max_len_args = len(defaults) + 1
+        if total_len_args > max_len_args:
+            # Recreate the proper TypeError message from Python.
+            raise TypeError(
+                f"Model.{method_name}() takes from 1 to {max_len_args} positional "
+                f"arguments but {total_len_args} were given"
+            )
+
+        def get_param(param_name, param_value, arg_index):
+            if arg_index < len(args):
+                if param_value is not defaults[param_name]:
+                    # Recreate the proper TypeError message from Python.
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        f"Model.{method_name}() got multiple values for argument "
+                        f"'{param_name}'"
+                    )
+                return args[arg_index]
+
+            return param_value
+
+        return [get_param(k, v, i) for i, (k, v) in enumerate(kwargs.items())]
+
     # RemovedInDjango60Warning: When the deprecation ends, replace with:
     # def save(
     #   self, *, force_insert=False, force_update=False, using=None, update_fields=None,
@@ -798,25 +835,14 @@ class Model(AltersData, metaclass=ModelBase):
         """
         # RemovedInDjango60Warning.
         if args:
-            warnings.warn(
-                "Passing positional arguments to save() is deprecated",
-                RemovedInDjango60Warning,
-                stacklevel=2,
+            force_insert, force_update, using, update_fields = self._parse_params(
+                *args,
+                method_name="save",
+                force_insert=force_insert,
+                force_update=force_update,
+                using=using,
+                update_fields=update_fields,
             )
-            total_len_args = len(args) + 1  # include self
-            if total_len_args > 5:
-                # Recreate the proper TypeError message from Python.
-                raise TypeError(
-                    "Model.save() takes from 1 to 5 positional arguments but "
-                    f"{total_len_args} were given"
-                )
-            force_insert = args[0]
-            try:
-                force_update = args[1]
-                using = args[2]
-                update_fields = args[3]
-            except IndexError:
-                pass
 
         self._prepare_related_fields_for_save(operation_name="save")
 
@@ -885,26 +911,14 @@ class Model(AltersData, metaclass=ModelBase):
     ):
         # RemovedInDjango60Warning.
         if args:
-            warnings.warn(
-                "Passing positional arguments to asave() is deprecated",
-                RemovedInDjango60Warning,
-                stacklevel=2,
+            force_insert, force_update, using, update_fields = self._parse_params(
+                *args,
+                method_name="asave",
+                force_insert=force_insert,
+                force_update=force_update,
+                using=using,
+                update_fields=update_fields,
             )
-            total_len_args = len(args) + 1  # include self
-            if total_len_args > 5:
-                # Recreate the proper TypeError message from Python.
-                raise TypeError(
-                    "Model.asave() takes from 1 to 5 positional arguments but "
-                    f"{total_len_args} were given"
-                )
-            force_insert = args[0]
-            try:
-                force_update = args[1]
-                using = args[2]
-                update_fields = args[3]
-            except IndexError:
-                pass
-
         return await sync_to_async(self.save)(
             force_insert=force_insert,
             force_update=force_update,