diff options
| author | Marc Tamlyn <marc.tamlyn@gmail.com> | 2013-05-19 01:37:25 -0700 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Marc Tamlyn <marc.tamlyn@gmail.com> | 2013-05-19 01:37:25 -0700 |
| commit | 33c361ef9d882522aeae549a3a8c8b52ca5cfc5a (patch) | |
| tree | 7c07f1f460ea123af7d9aa29ac6de254b423f9cc /docs/topics/db | |
| parent | c70ca4879ee33fc4b70ad9a17d74b649f8f75487 (diff) | |
| parent | a4a761ada2286e0f08282efe8dffcd1b384c052c (diff) | |
Merge pull request #1129 from frog32/master
Add needed Imports to the Documentation
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/topics/db')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/topics/db/aggregation.txt | 40 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/topics/db/managers.txt | 22 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/topics/db/models.txt | 50 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/topics/db/queries.txt | 2 |
4 files changed, 83 insertions, 31 deletions
diff --git a/docs/topics/db/aggregation.txt b/docs/topics/db/aggregation.txt index 125cd0bdee..1024d6b0c2 100644 --- a/docs/topics/db/aggregation.txt +++ b/docs/topics/db/aggregation.txt @@ -18,27 +18,29 @@ used to track the inventory for a series of online bookstores: .. code-block:: python + from django.db import models + class Author(models.Model): - name = models.CharField(max_length=100) - age = models.IntegerField() + name = models.CharField(max_length=100) + age = models.IntegerField() class Publisher(models.Model): - name = models.CharField(max_length=300) - num_awards = models.IntegerField() + name = models.CharField(max_length=300) + num_awards = models.IntegerField() class Book(models.Model): - name = models.CharField(max_length=300) - pages = models.IntegerField() - price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2) - rating = models.FloatField() - authors = models.ManyToManyField(Author) - publisher = models.ForeignKey(Publisher) - pubdate = models.DateField() + name = models.CharField(max_length=300) + pages = models.IntegerField() + price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2) + rating = models.FloatField() + authors = models.ManyToManyField(Author) + publisher = models.ForeignKey(Publisher) + pubdate = models.DateField() class Store(models.Model): - name = models.CharField(max_length=300) - books = models.ManyToManyField(Book) - registered_users = models.PositiveIntegerField() + name = models.CharField(max_length=300) + books = models.ManyToManyField(Book) + registered_users = models.PositiveIntegerField() Cheat sheet =========== @@ -123,7 +125,7 @@ If you want to generate more than one aggregate, you just add another argument to the ``aggregate()`` clause. So, if we also wanted to know the maximum and minimum price of all books, we would issue the query:: - >>> from django.db.models import Avg, Max, Min, Count + >>> from django.db.models import Avg, Max, Min >>> Book.objects.aggregate(Avg('price'), Max('price'), Min('price')) {'price__avg': 34.35, 'price__max': Decimal('81.20'), 'price__min': Decimal('12.99')} @@ -148,6 +150,7 @@ the number of authors: .. code-block:: python # Build an annotated queryset + >>> from django.db.models import Count >>> q = Book.objects.annotate(Count('authors')) # Interrogate the first object in the queryset >>> q[0] @@ -192,6 +195,7 @@ and aggregate the related value. For example, to find the price range of books offered in each store, you could use the annotation:: + >>> from django.db.models import Max, Min >>> Store.objects.annotate(min_price=Min('books__price'), max_price=Max('books__price')) This tells Django to retrieve the ``Store`` model, join (through the @@ -222,7 +226,7 @@ For example, we can ask for all publishers, annotated with their respective total book stock counters (note how we use ``'book'`` to specify the ``Publisher`` -> ``Book`` reverse foreign key hop):: - >>> from django.db.models import Count, Min, Sum, Max, Avg + >>> from django.db.models import Count, Min, Sum, Avg >>> Publisher.objects.annotate(Count('book')) (Every ``Publisher`` in the resulting ``QuerySet`` will have an extra attribute @@ -269,6 +273,7 @@ constraining the objects for which an annotation is calculated. For example, you can generate an annotated list of all books that have a title starting with "Django" using the query:: + >>> from django.db.models import Count, Avg >>> Book.objects.filter(name__startswith="Django").annotate(num_authors=Count('authors')) When used with an ``aggregate()`` clause, a filter has the effect of @@ -407,6 +412,8 @@ particularly, when counting things. By way of example, suppose you have a model like this:: + from django.db import models + class Item(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=10) data = models.IntegerField() @@ -457,5 +464,6 @@ For example, if you wanted to calculate the average number of authors per book you first annotate the set of books with the author count, then aggregate that author count, referencing the annotation field:: + >>> from django.db.models import Count, Avg >>> Book.objects.annotate(num_authors=Count('authors')).aggregate(Avg('num_authors')) {'num_authors__avg': 1.66} diff --git a/docs/topics/db/managers.txt b/docs/topics/db/managers.txt index 2a0f7e4ce0..b940b09d33 100644 --- a/docs/topics/db/managers.txt +++ b/docs/topics/db/managers.txt @@ -62,6 +62,8 @@ For example, this custom ``Manager`` offers a method ``with_counts()``, which returns a list of all ``OpinionPoll`` objects, each with an extra ``num_responses`` attribute that is the result of an aggregate query:: + from django.db import models + class PollManager(models.Manager): def with_counts(self): from django.db import connection @@ -101,6 +103,8 @@ Modifying initial Manager QuerySets A ``Manager``'s base ``QuerySet`` returns all objects in the system. For example, using this model:: + from django.db import models + class Book(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=100) author = models.CharField(max_length=50) @@ -236,7 +240,7 @@ class, but still customize the default manager. For example, suppose you have this base class:: class AbstractBase(models.Model): - ... + # ... objects = CustomManager() class Meta: @@ -246,14 +250,15 @@ If you use this directly in a subclass, ``objects`` will be the default manager if you declare no managers in the base class:: class ChildA(AbstractBase): - ... + # ... # This class has CustomManager as the default manager. + pass If you want to inherit from ``AbstractBase``, but provide a different default manager, you can provide the default manager on the child class:: class ChildB(AbstractBase): - ... + # ... # An explicit default manager. default_manager = OtherManager() @@ -274,9 +279,10 @@ it into the inheritance hierarchy *after* the defaults:: abstract = True class ChildC(AbstractBase, ExtraManager): - ... + # ... # Default manager is CustomManager, but OtherManager is # also available via the "extra_manager" attribute. + pass Note that while you can *define* a custom manager on the abstract model, you can't *invoke* any methods using the abstract model. That is:: @@ -349,8 +355,7 @@ the manager class:: class MyManager(models.Manager): use_for_related_fields = True - - ... + # ... If this attribute is set on the *default* manager for a model (only the default manager is considered in these situations), Django will use that class @@ -396,7 +401,8 @@ it, whereas the following will not work:: # BAD: Incorrect code class MyManager(models.Manager): - ... + # ... + pass # Sets the attribute on an instance of MyManager. Django will # ignore this setting. @@ -404,7 +410,7 @@ it, whereas the following will not work:: mgr.use_for_related_fields = True class MyModel(models.Model): - ... + # ... objects = mgr # End of incorrect code. diff --git a/docs/topics/db/models.txt b/docs/topics/db/models.txt index dd7714052d..baef01b6fb 100644 --- a/docs/topics/db/models.txt +++ b/docs/topics/db/models.txt @@ -90,6 +90,8 @@ attributes. Be careful not to choose field names that conflict with the Example:: + from django.db import models + class Musician(models.Model): first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50) last_name = models.CharField(max_length=50) @@ -290,8 +292,11 @@ For example, if a ``Car`` model has a ``Manufacturer`` -- that is, a ``Manufacturer`` makes multiple cars but each ``Car`` only has one ``Manufacturer`` -- use the following definitions:: + from django.db import models + class Manufacturer(models.Model): # ... + pass class Car(models.Model): manufacturer = models.ForeignKey(Manufacturer) @@ -340,8 +345,11 @@ For example, if a ``Pizza`` has multiple ``Topping`` objects -- that is, a ``Topping`` can be on multiple pizzas and each ``Pizza`` has multiple toppings -- here's how you'd represent that:: + from django.db import models + class Topping(models.Model): # ... + pass class Pizza(models.Model): # ... @@ -403,6 +411,8 @@ intermediate model. The intermediate model is associated with the that will act as an intermediary. For our musician example, the code would look something like this:: + from django.db import models + class Person(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=128) @@ -583,6 +593,7 @@ It's perfectly OK to relate a model to one from another app. To do this, import the related model at the top of the file where your model is defined. Then, just refer to the other model class wherever needed. For example:: + from django.db import models from geography.models import ZipCode class Restaurant(models.Model): @@ -630,6 +641,8 @@ Meta options Give your model metadata by using an inner ``class Meta``, like so:: + from django.db import models + class Ox(models.Model): horn_length = models.IntegerField() @@ -660,6 +673,8 @@ model. For example, this model has a few custom methods:: + from django.db import models + class Person(models.Model): first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50) last_name = models.CharField(max_length=50) @@ -729,6 +744,8 @@ A classic use-case for overriding the built-in methods is if you want something to happen whenever you save an object. For example (see :meth:`~Model.save` for documentation of the parameters it accepts):: + from django.db import models + class Blog(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100) tagline = models.TextField() @@ -740,6 +757,8 @@ to happen whenever you save an object. For example (see You can also prevent saving:: + from django.db import models + class Blog(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100) tagline = models.TextField() @@ -826,6 +845,8 @@ the child (and Django will raise an exception). An example:: + from django.db import models + class CommonInfo(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100) age = models.PositiveIntegerField() @@ -854,14 +875,16 @@ attribute. If a child class does not declare its own :ref:`Meta <meta-options>` class, it will inherit the parent's :ref:`Meta <meta-options>`. If the child wants to extend the parent's :ref:`Meta <meta-options>` class, it can subclass it. For example:: + from django.db import models + class CommonInfo(models.Model): - ... + # ... class Meta: abstract = True ordering = ['name'] class Student(CommonInfo): - ... + # ... class Meta(CommonInfo.Meta): db_table = 'student_info' @@ -901,6 +924,8 @@ abstract base class (only), part of the name should contain For example, given an app ``common/models.py``:: + from django.db import models + class Base(models.Model): m2m = models.ManyToManyField(OtherModel, related_name="%(app_label)s_%(class)s_related") @@ -949,6 +974,8 @@ relationship introduces links between the child model and each of its parents (via an automatically-created :class:`~django.db.models.OneToOneField`). For example:: + from django.db import models + class Place(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=50) address = models.CharField(max_length=80) @@ -998,7 +1025,7 @@ If the parent has an ordering and you don't want the child to have any natural ordering, you can explicitly disable it:: class ChildModel(ParentModel): - ... + # ... class Meta: # Remove parent's ordering effect ordering = [] @@ -1061,15 +1088,21 @@ Proxy models are declared like normal models. You tell Django that it's a proxy model by setting the :attr:`~django.db.models.Options.proxy` attribute of the ``Meta`` class to ``True``. -For example, suppose you want to add a method to the ``Person`` model described -above. You can do it like this:: +For example, suppose you want to add a method to the ``Person`` model. You can do it like this:: + + from django.db import models + + class Person(models.Model): + first_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) + last_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) class MyPerson(Person): class Meta: proxy = True def do_something(self): - ... + # ... + pass The ``MyPerson`` class operates on the same database table as its parent ``Person`` class. In particular, any new instances of ``Person`` will also be @@ -1125,8 +1158,11 @@ classes will still be available. Continuing our example from above, you could change the default manager used when you query the ``Person`` model like this:: + from django.db import models + class NewManager(models.Manager): - ... + # ... + pass class MyPerson(Person): objects = NewManager() diff --git a/docs/topics/db/queries.txt b/docs/topics/db/queries.txt index 2553eac27a..a1cb5c79c5 100644 --- a/docs/topics/db/queries.txt +++ b/docs/topics/db/queries.txt @@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ models, which comprise a Weblog application: .. code-block:: python + from django.db import models + class Blog(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=100) tagline = models.TextField() |
