Updated various links in docs to avoid redirects

Thanks Tim Graham and Mariusz Felisiak for review and completion.

13 files changed, 25 insertions, 28 deletions

diff --git a/docs/ref/clickjacking.txt b/docs/ref/clickjacking.txt
index 2f72e18d2f..ade7069db5 100644
--- a/docs/ref/clickjacking.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/clickjacking.txt
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ load the resource in a frame if the request originated from the same site. If
 the header is set to ``DENY`` then the browser will block the resource from
 loading in a frame no matter which site made the request.
 
-.. _X-Frame-Options: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/X-Frame-Options
+.. _X-Frame-Options: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/X-Frame-Options
 
 Django provides a few simple ways to include this header in responses from your
 site:
@@ -127,5 +127,5 @@ See also
 
 A `complete list`_ of browsers supporting ``X-Frame-Options``.
 
-.. _complete list: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/X-Frame-Options#Browser_compatibility
+.. _complete list: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/X-Frame-Options#Browser_compatibility
 .. _other clickjacking prevention techniques: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clickjacking#Prevention
diff --git a/docs/ref/contrib/gis/forms-api.txt b/docs/ref/contrib/gis/forms-api.txt
index 4058ced4d9..a85e1aa3cc 100644
--- a/docs/ref/contrib/gis/forms-api.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/contrib/gis/forms-api.txt
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ GeoDjango Forms API
 
 GeoDjango provides some specialized form fields and widgets in order to visually
 display and edit geolocalized data on a map. By default, they use
-`OpenLayers`_-powered maps, with a base WMS layer provided by `Metacarta`_.
+`OpenLayers`_-powered maps, with a base WMS layer provided by `NASA`_.
 
 .. _OpenLayers: http://openlayers.org/
-.. _Metacarta: http://www.metacarta.com/
+.. _NASA: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/
 
 Field arguments
 ===============
diff --git a/docs/ref/contrib/gis/geos.txt b/docs/ref/contrib/gis/geos.txt
index d23da05a8c..3bb1b22cea 100644
--- a/docs/ref/contrib/gis/geos.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/contrib/gis/geos.txt
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ and spatial operators. GEOS, now an OSGeo project, was initially developed and
 maintained by `Refractions Research`__ of Victoria, Canada.
 
 __ https://trac.osgeo.org/geos/
-__ http://sourceforge.net/projects/jts-topo-suite/
+__ https://sourceforge.net/projects/jts-topo-suite/
 __ http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/sfs
 __ http://www.refractions.net/
 
diff --git a/docs/ref/contrib/gis/install/index.txt b/docs/ref/contrib/gis/install/index.txt
index 9b8e170b92..313a2107c9 100644
--- a/docs/ref/contrib/gis/install/index.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/contrib/gis/install/index.txt
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ Summary::
     $ brew install gdal
     $ brew install libgeoip
 
-__ http://brew.sh/
+__ https://brew.sh/
 .. _Xcode: https://developer.apple.com/xcode/
 
 .. _kyngchaos:
@@ -402,8 +402,8 @@ install :ref:`postgisasb`.
     and contains shortcuts for the ASB as well as the 'SQL Shell',
     which will launch a ``psql`` command window.
 
-__ http://www.enterprisedb.com/products-services-training/pgdownload
-__ http://www.enterprisedb.com
+__ https://www.enterprisedb.com/downloads/postgres-postgresql-downloads
+__ https://www.enterprisedb.com
 
 .. _postgisasb:
 
diff --git a/docs/ref/contrib/gis/install/spatialite.txt b/docs/ref/contrib/gis/install/spatialite.txt
index 5871233ee1..21208ebfb4 100644
--- a/docs/ref/contrib/gis/install/spatialite.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/contrib/gis/install/spatialite.txt
@@ -133,4 +133,4 @@ following to your ``settings.py``::
 
     SPATIALITE_LIBRARY_PATH='/usr/local/lib/mod_spatialite.dylib'
 
-.. _Homebrew: http://brew.sh/
+.. _Homebrew: https://brew.sh/
diff --git a/docs/ref/contrib/postgres/fields.txt b/docs/ref/contrib/postgres/fields.txt
index e69e6e5d80..fa9435bccd 100644
--- a/docs/ref/contrib/postgres/fields.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/contrib/postgres/fields.txt
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ A more useful index is a ``GIN`` index, which you should create using a
     similar to PostgreSQL's ``text`` type.
 
     .. _citext: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/citext.html
-    .. _the performance considerations: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/citext.html#AEN169274
+    .. _the performance considerations: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/citext.html#AEN178177
 
 ``HStoreField``
 ===============
diff --git a/docs/ref/contrib/sitemaps.txt b/docs/ref/contrib/sitemaps.txt
index 5fa37613b0..9196bc2a5f 100644
--- a/docs/ref/contrib/sitemaps.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/contrib/sitemaps.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ The sitemap framework
 Django comes with a high-level sitemap-generating framework that makes
 creating sitemap_ XML files easy.
 
-.. _sitemap: http://www.sitemaps.org/
+.. _sitemap: https://www.sitemaps.org/
 
 Overview
 ========
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ Note:
         default priority of a page is ``0.5``. See the `sitemaps.org
         documentation`_ for more.
 
-        .. _sitemaps.org documentation: http://www.sitemaps.org/protocol.html#prioritydef
+        .. _sitemaps.org documentation: https://www.sitemaps.org/protocol.html#prioritydef
 
     .. attribute:: Sitemap.protocol
 
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ Note:
         This attribute defines the maximum number of URLs included on each page
         of the sitemap. Its value should not exceed the default value of
         ``50000``, which is the upper limit allowed in the `Sitemaps protocol
-        <http://www.sitemaps.org/protocol.html#index>`_.
+        <https://www.sitemaps.org/protocol.html#index>`_.
 
     .. attribute:: Sitemap.i18n
 
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ generate a Google News compatible sitemap:
 
     <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
     <urlset
-      xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"
+      xmlns="https://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"
       xmlns:news="http://www.google.com/schemas/sitemap-news/0.9">
     {% spaceless %}
     {% for url in urlset %}
diff --git a/docs/ref/csrf.txt b/docs/ref/csrf.txt
index fe5a70845e..802d7251ab 100644
--- a/docs/ref/csrf.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/csrf.txt
@@ -145,8 +145,8 @@ Setting the token on the AJAX request
 
 Finally, you'll have to actually set the header on your AJAX request, while
 protecting the CSRF token from being sent to other domains using
-`settings.crossDomain <https://api.jquery.com/jQuery.ajax>`_ in jQuery 1.5.1 and
-newer:
+`settings.crossDomain <https://api.jquery.com/jQuery.ajax/>`_ in jQuery 1.5.1
+and newer:
 
 .. code-block:: javascript
 
diff --git a/docs/ref/databases.txt b/docs/ref/databases.txt
index 587c1ebd65..7df2a8e1f9 100644
--- a/docs/ref/databases.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/databases.txt
@@ -721,8 +721,8 @@ Oracle notes
 Django supports `Oracle Database Server`_ versions 12.1 and higher. Version
 5.2 or higher of the `cx_Oracle`_ Python driver is required.
 
-.. _`Oracle Database Server`: http://www.oracle.com/
-.. _`cx_Oracle`: http://cx-oracle.sourceforge.net/
+.. _`Oracle Database Server`: https://www.oracle.com/
+.. _`cx_Oracle`: https://oracle.github.io/python-cx_Oracle/
 
 In order for the ``python manage.py migrate`` command to work, your Oracle
 database user must have privileges to run the following commands:
diff --git a/docs/ref/django-admin.txt b/docs/ref/django-admin.txt
index 9ffb624879..2de0ab6a8b 100644
--- a/docs/ref/django-admin.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/django-admin.txt
@@ -955,7 +955,7 @@ Python interpreter, use ``python`` as the interface name, like so::
     django-admin shell -i python
 
 .. _IPython: https://ipython.org/
-.. _bpython: http://bpython-interpreter.org/
+.. _bpython: https://bpython-interpreter.org/
 
 .. django-admin-option:: --nostartup
 
diff --git a/docs/ref/middleware.txt b/docs/ref/middleware.txt
index 22a2d1a504..5c33d196d3 100644
--- a/docs/ref/middleware.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/middleware.txt
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ If you wish to submit your site to the `browser preload list`_, set the
     you may need to set the :setting:`SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER` setting.
 
 .. _"Strict-Transport-Security" header: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strict_Transport_Security
-.. _browser preload list: https://hstspreload.appspot.com/
+.. _browser preload list: https://hstspreload.org/
 
 .. _x-content-type-options:
 
@@ -303,12 +303,9 @@ If your site serves user-uploaded files, a malicious user could upload a
 specially-crafted file that would be interpreted as HTML or JavaScript by
 the browser when you expected it to be something harmless.
 
-To learn more about this header and how the browser treats it, you can
-read about it on the `IE Security Blog`_.
-
 To prevent the browser from guessing the content type and force it to
 always use the type provided in the ``Content-Type`` header, you can pass
-the ``X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff`` header.  ``SecurityMiddleware`` will
+the `X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff`__ header.  ``SecurityMiddleware`` will
 do this for all responses if the :setting:`SECURE_CONTENT_TYPE_NOSNIFF` setting
 is ``True``.
 
@@ -320,7 +317,7 @@ you are using Django to do something like require authorization in order to
 download files and you cannot set the header using your Web server, this
 setting will be useful.
 
-.. _IE Security Blog: http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2008/09/02/ie8-security-part-vi-beta-2-update.aspx
+__ https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/X-Content-Type-Options
 
 .. _x-xss-protection:
 
@@ -347,7 +344,7 @@ header. ``SecurityMiddleware`` will do this for all responses if the
     sanitizing <cross-site-scripting>` all input to prevent XSS attacks.
 
 .. _XSS attack: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_scripting
-.. _X-XSS-Protection header: http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ie/archive/2008/07/02/ie8-security-part-iv-the-xss-filter.aspx
+.. _X-XSS-Protection header: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/X-XSS-Protection
 
 .. _ssl-redirect:
 
diff --git a/docs/ref/utils.txt b/docs/ref/utils.txt
index 19e8361a67..985514473f 100644
--- a/docs/ref/utils.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/utils.txt
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ https://web.archive.org/web/20110718035220/http://diveintomark.org/archives/2004
 
 .. class:: Rss201rev2Feed(RssFeed)
 
-    Spec: https://cyber.law.harvard.edu/rss/rss.html
+    Spec: https://cyber.harvard.edu/rss/rss.html
 
 ``RssUserland091Feed``
 ----------------------
diff --git a/docs/ref/validators.txt b/docs/ref/validators.txt
index e0da3fa530..4bf6a9eafb 100644
--- a/docs/ref/validators.txt
+++ b/docs/ref/validators.txt
@@ -301,4 +301,4 @@ to, or in lieu of custom ``field.clean()`` methods.
     .. versionadded:: 1.11
 
     Uses Pillow to ensure that the ``value`` is `a valid image extension
-    <https://pillow.readthedocs.org/en/latest/handbook/image-file-formats.html>`_.
+    <https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/handbook/image-file-formats.html>`_.