Reduced reduce() usage; refs #23796.

django.core.exceptions.ValidationError.messages() and
django.db.backends.schema.BaseDatabaseSchemaEditor._alter_field():
Replaced reduce(operator.add, ...) w/uncoupled, explicit sum()

2 files changed, 2 insertions, 7 deletions

diff --git a/django/core/exceptions.py b/django/core/exceptions.py
index 28e712e0a5..a8b432b1c6 100644
--- a/django/core/exceptions.py
+++ b/django/core/exceptions.py
@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 """
 Global Django exception and warning classes.
 """
-from functools import reduce
-import operator
-
 from django.utils import six
 from django.utils.encoding import force_text
 
@@ -137,7 +134,7 @@ class ValidationError(Exception):
     @property
     def messages(self):
         if hasattr(self, 'error_dict'):
-            return reduce(operator.add, dict(self).values())
+            return sum(dict(self).values(), [])
         return list(self)
 
     def update_error_dict(self, error_dict):
diff --git a/django/db/backends/schema.py b/django/db/backends/schema.py
index 721be2aeb5..aa13e421d4 100644
--- a/django/db/backends/schema.py
+++ b/django/db/backends/schema.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import hashlib
-import operator
 
 from django.db.backends.creation import BaseDatabaseCreation
 from django.db.backends.utils import truncate_name
@@ -7,7 +6,6 @@ from django.db.models.fields.related import ManyToManyField
 from django.db.transaction import atomic
 from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes
 from django.utils.log import getLogger
-from django.utils.six.moves import reduce
 from django.utils import six
 
 logger = getLogger('django.db.backends.schema')
@@ -609,7 +607,7 @@ class BaseDatabaseSchemaEditor(object):
             # Combine actions together if we can (e.g. postgres)
             if self.connection.features.supports_combined_alters and actions:
                 sql, params = tuple(zip(*actions))
-                actions = [(", ".join(sql), reduce(operator.add, params))]
+                actions = [(", ".join(sql), sum(params, []))]
             # Apply those actions
             for sql, params in actions:
                 self.execute(