boulder-oracle-sprint: Merged to trunk [4210].

git-svn-id: http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/branches/boulder-oracle-sprint@4212 bcc190cf-cafb-0310-a4f2-bffc1f526a37

56 files changed, 3471 insertions, 436 deletions

diff --git a/AUTHORS b/AUTHORS
index b291f22400..dbbf6e7bad 100644
--- a/AUTHORS
+++ b/AUTHORS
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ answer newbie questions, and generally made Django that much better:
     Jiri Barton
     Ned Batchelder <http://www.nedbatchelder.com/>
     Shannon -jj Behrens <http://jjinux.blogspot.com/>
+    Esdras Beleza <linux@esdrasbeleza.com>
     James Bennett
     Paul Bissex <http://e-scribe.com/>
     Simon Blanchard
@@ -150,6 +151,7 @@ answer newbie questions, and generally made Django that much better:
     SmileyChris <smileychris@gmail.com>
     sopel
     Thomas Steinacher <tom@eggdrop.ch>
+    nowell strite
     Radek Švarz <http://www.svarz.cz/translate/>
     Swaroop C H <http://www.swaroopch.info>
     Aaron Swartz <http://www.aaronsw.com/>
diff --git a/django/conf/global_settings.py b/django/conf/global_settings.py
index 36fee9ec6d..245096590d 100644
--- a/django/conf/global_settings.py
+++ b/django/conf/global_settings.py
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ ADMINS = ()
 INTERNAL_IPS = ()
 
 # Local time zone for this installation. All choices can be found here:
-# http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
+# http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
 TIME_ZONE = 'America/Chicago'
 
 # Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
diff --git a/django/conf/project_template/settings.py b/django/conf/project_template/settings.py
index d6f34a28db..a44bc172f0 100644
--- a/django/conf/project_template/settings.py
+++ b/django/conf/project_template/settings.py
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ DATABASE_HOST = ''             # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used wit
 DATABASE_PORT = ''             # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.
 
 # Local time zone for this installation. All choices can be found here:
-# http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
+# http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
 TIME_ZONE = 'America/Chicago'
 
 # Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
diff --git a/django/conf/project_template/urls.py b/django/conf/project_template/urls.py
index 4483014173..402dd6536b 100644
--- a/django/conf/project_template/urls.py
+++ b/django/conf/project_template/urls.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
 
 urlpatterns = patterns('',
     # Example:
-    # (r'^{{ project_name }}/', include('{{ project_name }}.apps.foo.urls.foo')),
+    # (r'^{{ project_name }}/', include('{{ project_name }}.foo.urls')),
 
     # Uncomment this for admin:
 #     (r'^admin/', include('django.contrib.admin.urls')),
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/media/js/admin/DateTimeShortcuts.js b/django/contrib/admin/media/js/admin/DateTimeShortcuts.js
index 77c536b865..b1504fc819 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/media/js/admin/DateTimeShortcuts.js
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/media/js/admin/DateTimeShortcuts.js
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ var DateTimeShortcuts = {
         var shortcuts_span = document.createElement('span');
         inp.parentNode.insertBefore(shortcuts_span, inp.nextSibling);
         var now_link = document.createElement('a');
-        now_link.setAttribute('href', "javascript:DateTimeShortcuts.handleClockQuicklink(" + num + ", new Date().getHourMinute());");
+        now_link.setAttribute('href', "javascript:DateTimeShortcuts.handleClockQuicklink(" + num + ", new Date().getHourMinuteSecond());");
         now_link.appendChild(document.createTextNode(gettext('Now')));
         var clock_link = document.createElement('a');
         clock_link.setAttribute('href', 'javascript:DateTimeShortcuts.openClock(' + num + ');');
@@ -80,10 +80,10 @@ var DateTimeShortcuts = {
         quickElement('h2', clock_box, gettext('Choose a time'));
         time_list = quickElement('ul', clock_box, '');
         time_list.className = 'timelist';
-        quickElement("a", quickElement("li", time_list, ""), gettext("Now"), "href", "javascript:DateTimeShortcuts.handleClockQuicklink(" + num + ", new Date().getHourMinute());")
-        quickElement("a", quickElement("li", time_list, ""), gettext("Midnight"), "href", "javascript:DateTimeShortcuts.handleClockQuicklink(" + num + ", '00:00');")
-        quickElement("a", quickElement("li", time_list, ""), gettext("6 a.m."), "href", "javascript:DateTimeShortcuts.handleClockQuicklink(" + num + ", '06:00');")
-        quickElement("a", quickElement("li", time_list, ""), gettext("Noon"), "href", "javascript:DateTimeShortcuts.handleClockQuicklink(" + num + ", '12:00');")
+        quickElement("a", quickElement("li", time_list, ""), gettext("Now"), "href", "javascript:DateTimeShortcuts.handleClockQuicklink(" + num + ", new Date().getHourMinuteSecond());")
+        quickElement("a", quickElement("li", time_list, ""), gettext("Midnight"), "href", "javascript:DateTimeShortcuts.handleClockQuicklink(" + num + ", '00:00:00');")
+        quickElement("a", quickElement("li", time_list, ""), gettext("6 a.m."), "href", "javascript:DateTimeShortcuts.handleClockQuicklink(" + num + ", '06:00:00');")
+        quickElement("a", quickElement("li", time_list, ""), gettext("Noon"), "href", "javascript:DateTimeShortcuts.handleClockQuicklink(" + num + ", '12:00:00');")
 
         cancel_p = quickElement('p', clock_box, '');
         cancel_p.className = 'calendar-cancel';
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/media/js/core.js b/django/contrib/admin/media/js/core.js
index d35bd29c1c..a17ac8a4d2 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/media/js/core.js
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/media/js/core.js
@@ -119,6 +119,10 @@ Date.prototype.getTwoDigitMinute = function() {
     return (this.getMinutes() < 10) ? '0' + this.getMinutes() : this.getMinutes();
 }
 
+Date.prototype.getTwoDigitSecond = function() {
+    return (this.getSeconds() < 10) ? '0' + this.getSeconds() : this.getSeconds();
+}
+
 Date.prototype.getISODate = function() {
     return this.getCorrectYear() + '-' + this.getTwoDigitMonth() + '-' + this.getTwoDigitDate();
 }
@@ -127,6 +131,10 @@ Date.prototype.getHourMinute = function() {
     return this.getTwoDigitHour() + ':' + this.getTwoDigitMinute();
 }
 
+Date.prototype.getHourMinuteSecond = function() {
+    return this.getTwoDigitHour() + ':' + this.getTwoDigitMinute() + ':' + this.getTwoDigitSecond();
+}
+
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // String object extensions
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/search_form.html b/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/search_form.html
index d9126c3ec5..445cca3089 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/search_form.html
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/templates/admin/search_form.html
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 <input type="text" size="40" name="{{ search_var }}" value="{{ cl.query|escape }}" id="searchbar" />
 <input type="submit" value="{% trans 'Go' %}" />
 {% if show_result_count %}
-    <span class="small quiet">{% blocktrans count cl.result_count as counter %}1 result{% plural %}{{ counter }} results{% endblocktrans %} (<a href="?">{% blocktrans with cl.full_result_count as full_result_count %}{{ full_result_count }} total{% endblocktrans %}</a>)</span>
+    <span class="small quiet">{% blocktrans count cl.result_count as counter %}1 result{% plural %}{{ counter }} results{% endblocktrans %} (<a href="?{% if cl.is_popup %}pop=1{% endif %}">{% blocktrans with cl.full_result_count as full_result_count %}{{ full_result_count }} total{% endblocktrans %}</a>)</span>
 {% endif %}
 {% for pair in cl.params.items %}
     {% ifnotequal pair.0 search_var %}<input type="hidden" name="{{ pair.0|escape }}" value="{{ pair.1|escape }}"/>{% endifnotequal %}
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/views/auth.py b/django/contrib/admin/views/auth.py
index 03876bb4ac..abc02e96c4 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/views/auth.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/views/auth.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.contrib.admin.views.decorators import staff_member_required
 from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm
 from django.contrib.auth.models import User
 from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
-from django import forms, template
+from django import oldforms, template
 from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
 from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect
 
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ def user_add_stage(request):
                 return HttpResponseRedirect('../%s/' % new_user.id)
     else:
         errors = new_data = {}
-    form = forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
+    form = oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
     return render_to_response('admin/auth/user/add_form.html', {
         'title': _('Add user'),
         'form': form,
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/views/main.py b/django/contrib/admin/views/main.py
index 324841a669..548f8b9687 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/views/main.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/views/main.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from django import forms, template
+from django import oldforms, template
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.contrib.admin.filterspecs import FilterSpec
 from django.contrib.admin.views.decorators import staff_member_required
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ index = staff_member_required(never_cache(index))
 def add_stage(request, app_label, model_name, show_delete=False, form_url='', post_url=None, post_url_continue='../%s/', object_id_override=None):
     model = models.get_model(app_label, model_name)
     if model is None:
-        raise Http404, "App %r, model %r, not found" % (app_label, model_name)
+        raise Http404("App %r, model %r, not found" % (app_label, model_name))
     opts = model._meta
 
     if not request.user.has_perm(app_label + '.' + opts.get_add_permission()):
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ def add_stage(request, app_label, model_name, show_delete=False, form_url='', po
         errors = {}
 
     # Populate the FormWrapper.
-    form = forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
+    form = oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
 
     c = template.RequestContext(request, {
         'title': _('Add %s') % opts.verbose_name,
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ def change_stage(request, app_label, model_name, object_id):
     model = models.get_model(app_label, model_name)
     object_id = unquote(object_id)
     if model is None:
-        raise Http404, "App %r, model %r, not found" % (app_label, model_name)
+        raise Http404("App %r, model %r, not found" % (app_label, model_name))
     opts = model._meta
 
     if not request.user.has_perm(app_label + '.' + opts.get_change_permission()):
@@ -313,8 +313,8 @@ def change_stage(request, app_label, model_name, object_id):
 
     try:
         manipulator = model.ChangeManipulator(object_id)
-    except ObjectDoesNotExist:
-        raise Http404
+    except model.DoesNotExist:
+        raise Http404('%s object with primary key %r does not exist' % (model_name, escape(object_id)))
 
     if request.POST:
         new_data = request.POST.copy()
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ def change_stage(request, app_label, model_name, object_id):
         errors = {}
 
     # Populate the FormWrapper.
-    form = forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
+    form = oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
     form.original = manipulator.original_object
     form.order_objects = []
 
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ def delete_stage(request, app_label, model_name, object_id):
     model = models.get_model(app_label, model_name)
     object_id = unquote(object_id)
     if model is None:
-        raise Http404, "App %r, model %r, not found" % (app_label, model_name)
+        raise Http404("App %r, model %r, not found" % (app_label, model_name))
     opts = model._meta
     if not request.user.has_perm(app_label + '.' + opts.get_delete_permission()):
         raise PermissionDenied
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ def history(request, app_label, model_name, object_id):
     model = models.get_model(app_label, model_name)
     object_id = unquote(object_id)
     if model is None:
-        raise Http404, "App %r, model %r, not found" % (app_label, model_name)
+        raise Http404("App %r, model %r, not found" % (app_label, model_name))
     action_list = LogEntry.objects.filter(object_id=object_id,
         content_type__id__exact=ContentType.objects.get_for_model(model).id).select_related().order_by('action_time')
     # If no history was found, see whether this object even exists.
@@ -743,7 +743,7 @@ class ChangeList(object):
 def change_list(request, app_label, model_name):
     model = models.get_model(app_label, model_name)
     if model is None:
-        raise Http404, "App %r, model %r, not found" % (app_label, model_name)
+        raise Http404("App %r, model %r, not found" % (app_label, model_name))
     if not request.user.has_perm(app_label + '.' + model._meta.get_change_permission()):
         raise PermissionDenied
     try:
diff --git a/django/contrib/admin/views/template.py b/django/contrib/admin/views/template.py
index 93d110b045..a3b4538b10 100644
--- a/django/contrib/admin/views/template.py
+++ b/django/contrib/admin/views/template.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from django.contrib.admin.views.decorators import staff_member_required
 from django.core import validators
-from django import template, forms
+from django import template, oldforms
 from django.template import loader
 from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
 from django.contrib.sites.models import Site
@@ -25,17 +25,17 @@ def template_validator(request):
             request.user.message_set.create(message='The template is valid.')
     return render_to_response('admin/template_validator.html', {
         'title': 'Template validator',
-        'form': forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors),
+        'form': oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors),
     }, context_instance=template.RequestContext(request))
 template_validator = staff_member_required(template_validator)
 
-class TemplateValidator(forms.Manipulator):
+class TemplateValidator(oldforms.Manipulator):
     def __init__(self, settings_modules):
         self.settings_modules = settings_modules
         site_list = Site.objects.in_bulk(settings_modules.keys()).values()
         self.fields = (
-            forms.SelectField('site', is_required=True, choices=[(s.id, s.name) for s in site_list]),
-            forms.LargeTextField('template', is_required=True, rows=25, validator_list=[self.isValidTemplate]),
+            oldforms.SelectField('site', is_required=True, choices=[(s.id, s.name) for s in site_list]),
+            oldforms.LargeTextField('template', is_required=True, rows=25, validator_list=[self.isValidTemplate]),
         )
 
     def isValidTemplate(self, field_data, all_data):
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/forms.py b/django/contrib/auth/forms.py
index 24c69cb73e..aea52d1f2a 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/forms.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/forms.py
@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@ from django.contrib.auth import authenticate
 from django.contrib.sites.models import Site
 from django.template import Context, loader
 from django.core import validators
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 
-class UserCreationForm(forms.Manipulator):
+class UserCreationForm(oldforms.Manipulator):
     "A form that creates a user, with no privileges, from the given username and password."
     def __init__(self):
         self.fields = (
-            forms.TextField(field_name='username', length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.TextField(field_name='username', length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[validators.isAlphaNumeric, self.isValidUsername]),
-            forms.PasswordField(field_name='password1', length=30, maxlength=60, is_required=True),
-            forms.PasswordField(field_name='password2', length=30, maxlength=60, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name='password1', length=30, maxlength=60, is_required=True),
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name='password2', length=30, maxlength=60, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[validators.AlwaysMatchesOtherField('password1', _("The two password fields didn't match."))]),
         )
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class UserCreationForm(forms.Manipulator):
         "Creates the user."
         return User.objects.create_user(new_data['username'], '', new_data['password1'])
 
-class AuthenticationForm(forms.Manipulator):
+class AuthenticationForm(oldforms.Manipulator):
     """
     Base class for authenticating users. Extend this to get a form that accepts
     username/password logins.
@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ class AuthenticationForm(forms.Manipulator):
         """
         self.request = request
         self.fields = [
-            forms.TextField(field_name="username", length=15, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.TextField(field_name="username", length=15, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[self.isValidUser, self.hasCookiesEnabled]),
-            forms.PasswordField(field_name="password", length=15, maxlength=30, is_required=True),
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name="password", length=15, maxlength=30, is_required=True),
         ]
         self.user_cache = None
 
@@ -68,11 +68,11 @@ class AuthenticationForm(forms.Manipulator):
     def get_user(self):
         return self.user_cache
 
-class PasswordResetForm(forms.Manipulator):
+class PasswordResetForm(oldforms.Manipulator):
     "A form that lets a user request a password reset"
     def __init__(self):
         self.fields = (
-            forms.EmailField(field_name="email", length=40, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.EmailField(field_name="email", length=40, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[self.isValidUserEmail]),
         )
 
@@ -105,16 +105,16 @@ class PasswordResetForm(forms.Manipulator):
         }
         send_mail('Password reset on %s' % site_name, t.render(Context(c)), None, [self.user_cache.email])
 
-class PasswordChangeForm(forms.Manipulator):
+class PasswordChangeForm(oldforms.Manipulator):
     "A form that lets a user change his password."
     def __init__(self, user):
         self.user = user
         self.fields = (
-            forms.PasswordField(field_name="old_password", length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name="old_password", length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[self.isValidOldPassword]),
-            forms.PasswordField(field_name="new_password1", length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name="new_password1", length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[validators.AlwaysMatchesOtherField('new_password2', _("The two 'new password' fields didn't match."))]),
-            forms.PasswordField(field_name="new_password2", length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True),
+            oldforms.PasswordField(field_name="new_password2", length=30, maxlength=30, is_required=True),
         )
 
     def isValidOldPassword(self, new_data, all_data):
diff --git a/django/contrib/auth/views.py b/django/contrib/auth/views.py
index 6882755787..fda17b91fb 100644
--- a/django/contrib/auth/views.py
+++ b/django/contrib/auth/views.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from django.contrib.auth.forms import AuthenticationForm
 from django.contrib.auth.forms import PasswordResetForm, PasswordChangeForm
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
 from django.template import RequestContext
 from django.contrib.sites.models import Site
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def login(request, template_name='registration/login.html'):
         errors = {}
     request.session.set_test_cookie()
     return render_to_response(template_name, {
-        'form': forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, request.POST, errors),
+        'form': oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, request.POST, errors),
         REDIRECT_FIELD_NAME: redirect_to,
         'site_name': Site.objects.get_current().name,
     }, context_instance=RequestContext(request))
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def password_reset(request, is_admin_site=False, template_name='registration/pas
             else:
                 form.save(email_template_name=email_template_name)
             return HttpResponseRedirect('%sdone/' % request.path)
-    return render_to_response(template_name, {'form': forms.FormWrapper(form, new_data, errors)},
+    return render_to_response(template_name, {'form': oldforms.FormWrapper(form, new_data, errors)},
         context_instance=RequestContext(request))
 
 def password_reset_done(request, template_name='registration/password_reset_done.html'):
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ def password_change(request, template_name='registration/password_change_form.ht
         if not errors:
             form.save(new_data)
             return HttpResponseRedirect('%sdone/' % request.path)
-    return render_to_response(template_name, {'form': forms.FormWrapper(form, new_data, errors)},
+    return render_to_response(template_name, {'form': oldforms.FormWrapper(form, new_data, errors)},
         context_instance=RequestContext(request))
 password_change = login_required(password_change)
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/comments/views/comments.py b/django/contrib/comments/views/comments.py
index 3640da90fe..12330afe41 100644
--- a/django/contrib/comments/views/comments.py
+++ b/django/contrib/comments/views/comments.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from django.core import validators
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 from django.core.mail import mail_admins, mail_managers
 from django.http import Http404
 from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
@@ -28,37 +28,37 @@ class PublicCommentManipulator(AuthenticationForm):
             else:
                 return []
         self.fields.extend([
-            forms.LargeTextField(field_name="comment", maxlength=3000, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.LargeTextField(field_name="comment", maxlength=3000, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[self.hasNoProfanities]),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating1", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating1", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 0,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(1),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating2", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating2", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 1,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(2),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating3", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating3", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 2,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(3),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating4", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating4", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 3,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(4),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating5", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating5", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 4,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(5),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating6", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating6", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 5,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(6),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating7", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating7", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 6,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(7),
             ),
-            forms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating8", choices=choices,
+            oldforms.RadioSelectField(field_name="rating8", choices=choices,
                 is_required=ratings_required and num_rating_choices > 7,
                 validator_list=get_validator_list(8),
             ),
@@ -117,13 +117,13 @@ class PublicCommentManipulator(AuthenticationForm):
             mail_managers("Comment posted by sketchy user (%s)" % self.user_cache.username, c.get_as_text())
         return c
 
-class PublicFreeCommentManipulator(forms.Manipulator):
+class PublicFreeCommentManipulator(oldforms.Manipulator):
     "Manipulator that handles public free (unregistered) comments"
     def __init__(self):
         self.fields = (
-            forms.TextField(field_name="person_name", maxlength=50, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.TextField(field_name="person_name", maxlength=50, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[self.hasNoProfanities]),
-            forms.LargeTextField(field_name="comment", maxlength=3000, is_required=True,
+            oldforms.LargeTextField(field_name="comment", maxlength=3000, is_required=True,
                 validator_list=[self.hasNoProfanities]),
         )
 
@@ -221,9 +221,9 @@ def post_comment(request):
         from django.contrib.auth import login
         login(request, manipulator.get_user())
     if errors or request.POST.has_key('preview'):
-        class CommentFormWrapper(forms.FormWrapper):
+        class CommentFormWrapper(oldforms.FormWrapper):
             def __init__(self, manipulator, new_data, errors, rating_choices):
-                forms.FormWrapper.__init__(self, manipulator, new_data, errors)
+                oldforms.FormWrapper.__init__(self, manipulator, new_data, errors)
                 self.rating_choices = rating_choices
             def ratings(self):
                 field_list = [self['rating%d' % (i+1)] for i in range(len(rating_choices))]
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ def post_free_comment(request):
         comment = errors and '' or manipulator.get_comment(new_data)
         return render_to_response('comments/free_preview.html', {
             'comment': comment,
-            'comment_form': forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors),
+            'comment_form': oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors),
             'options': options,
             'target': target,
             'hash': security_hash,
diff --git a/django/contrib/contenttypes/management.py b/django/contrib/contenttypes/management.py
index de3a685477..f492f54303 100644
--- a/django/contrib/contenttypes/management.py
+++ b/django/contrib/contenttypes/management.py
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ Creates content types for all installed models.
 """
 
 from django.dispatch import dispatcher
-from django.db.models import get_models, signals
+from django.db.models import get_apps, get_models, signals
 
-def create_contenttypes(app, created_models, verbosity):
+def create_contenttypes(app, created_models, verbosity=2):
     from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
     app_models = get_models(app)
     if not app_models:
@@ -22,4 +22,11 @@ def create_contenttypes(app, created_models, verbosity):
             if verbosity >= 2:
                 print "Adding content type '%s | %s'" % (ct.app_label, ct.model)
 
+def create_all_contenttypes(verbosity=2):
+    for app in get_apps():
+        create_contenttypes(app, None, verbosity)
+
 dispatcher.connect(create_contenttypes, signal=signals.post_syncdb)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    create_all_contenttypes()
diff --git a/django/contrib/formtools/__init__.py b/django/contrib/formtools/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/django/contrib/formtools/__init__.py
diff --git a/django/contrib/formtools/preview.py b/django/contrib/formtools/preview.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9a9371b5f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/django/contrib/formtools/preview.py
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+"""
+Formtools Preview application.
+
+This is an abstraction of the following workflow:
+
+    "Display an HTML form, force a preview, then do something with the submission."
+
+Given a django.newforms.Form object that you define, this takes care of the
+following:
+
+    * Displays the form as HTML on a Web page.
+    * Validates the form data once it's submitted via POST.
+        * If it's valid, displays a preview page.
+        * If it's not valid, redisplays the form with error messages.
+    * At the preview page, if the preview confirmation button is pressed, calls
+      a hook that you define -- a done() method.
+
+The framework enforces the required preview by passing a shared-secret hash to
+the preview page. If somebody tweaks the form parameters on the preview page,
+the form submission will fail the hash comparison test.
+
+Usage
+=====
+
+Subclass FormPreview and define a done() method:
+
+    def done(self, request, clean_data):
+        # ...
+
+This method takes an HttpRequest object and a dictionary of the form data after
+it has been validated and cleaned. It should return an HttpResponseRedirect.
+
+Then, just instantiate your FormPreview subclass by passing it a Form class,
+and pass that to your URLconf, like so:
+
+    (r'^post/$', MyFormPreview(MyForm)),
+
+The FormPreview class has a few other hooks. See the docstrings in the source
+code below.
+
+The framework also uses two templates: 'formtools/preview.html' and
+'formtools/form.html'. You can override these by setting 'preview_template' and
+'form_template' attributes on your FormPreview subclass. See
+django/contrib/formtools/templates for the default templates.
+"""
+
+from django.conf import settings
+from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
+from django.http import Http404
+from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
+import cPickle as pickle
+import md5
+
+AUTO_ID = 'formtools_%s' # Each form here uses this as its auto_id parameter.
+
+class FormPreview(object):
+    preview_template = 'formtools/preview.html'
+    form_template = 'formtools/form.html'
+
+    # METHODS SUBCLASSES SHOULDN'T OVERRIDE ###################################
+
+    def __init__(self, form):
+        # form should be a Form class, not an instance.
+        self.form, self.state = form, {}
+
+    def __call__(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
+        stage = {'1': 'preview', '2': 'post'}.get(request.POST.get(self.unused_name('stage')), 'preview')
+        self.parse_params(*args, **kwargs)
+        try:
+            method = getattr(self, stage + '_' + request.method.lower())
+        except AttributeError:
+            raise Http404
+        return method(request)
+
+    def unused_name(self, name):
+        """
+        Given a first-choice name, adds an underscore to the name until it
+        reaches a name that isn't claimed by any field in the form.
+
+        This is calculated rather than being hard-coded so that no field names
+        are off-limits for use in the form.
+        """
+        while 1:
+            try:
+                f = self.form.fields[name]
+            except KeyError:
+                break # This field name isn't being used by the form.
+            name += '_'
+        return name
+
+    def preview_get(self, request):
+        "Displays the form"
+        f = self.form(auto_id=AUTO_ID)
+        return render_to_response(self.form_template, {'form': f, 'stage_field': self.unused_name('stage'), 'state': self.state})
+
+    def preview_post(self, request):
+        "Validates the POST data. If valid, displays the preview page. Else, redisplays form."
+        f = self.form(request.POST, auto_id=AUTO_ID)
+        context = {'form': f, 'stage_field': self.unused_name('stage'), 'state': self.state}
+        if f.is_valid():
+            context['hash_field'] = self.unused_name('hash')
+            context['hash_value'] = self.security_hash(request, f)
+            return render_to_response(self.preview_template, context)
+        else:
+            return render_to_response(self.form_template, context)
+
+    def post_post(self, request):
+        "Validates the POST data. If valid, calls done(). Else, redisplays form."
+        f = self.form(request.POST, auto_id=AUTO_ID)
+        if f.is_valid():
+            if self.security_hash(request, f) != request.POST.get(self.unused_name('hash')):
+                return self.failed_hash(request) # Security hash failed.
+            return self.done(request, f.clean_data)
+        else:
+            return render_to_response(self.form_template, {'form': f, 'stage_field': self.unused_name('stage'), 'state': self.state})
+
+    # METHODS SUBCLASSES MIGHT OVERRIDE IF APPROPRIATE ########################
+
+    def parse_params(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Given captured args and kwargs from the URLconf, saves something in
+        self.state and/or raises Http404 if necessary.
+
+        For example, this URLconf captures a user_id variable:
+
+            (r'^contact/(?P<user_id>\d{1,6})/$', MyFormPreview(MyForm)),
+
+        In this case, the kwargs variable in parse_params would be
+        {'user_id': 32} for a request to '/contact/32/'. You can use that
+        user_id to make sure it's a valid user and/or save it for later, for
+        use in done().
+        """
+        pass
+
+    def security_hash(self, request, form):
+        """
+        Calculates the security hash for the given Form instance.
+
+        This creates a list of the form field names/values in a deterministic
+        order, pickles the result with the SECRET_KEY setting and takes an md5
+        hash of that.
+
+        Subclasses may want to take into account request-specific information
+        such as the IP address.
+        """
+        data = [(bf.name, bf.data) for bf in form] + [settings.SECRET_KEY]
+        # Use HIGHEST_PROTOCOL because it's the most efficient. It requires
+        # Python 2.3, but Django requires 2.3 anyway, so that's OK.
+        pickled = pickle.dumps(data, protocol=pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL)
+        return md5.new(pickled).hexdigest()
+
+    def failed_hash(self, request):
+        "Returns an HttpResponse in the case of an invalid security hash."
+        return self.preview_post(request)
+
+    # METHODS SUBCLASSES MUST OVERRIDE ########################################
+
+    def done(self, request, clean_data):
+        "Does something with the clean_data and returns an HttpResponseRedirect."
+        raise NotImplementedError('You must define a done() method on your %s subclass.' % self.__class__.__name__)
diff --git a/django/contrib/formtools/templates/formtools/form.html b/django/contrib/formtools/templates/formtools/form.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..90da8b2b2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/django/contrib/formtools/templates/formtools/form.html
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+
+{% block content %}
+
+{% if form.errors %}<h1>Please correct the following errors</h1>{% else %}<h1>Submit</h1>{% endif %}
+
+<form action="" method="post">
+<table>
+{{ form }}
+</table>
+<input type="hidden" name="{{ stage_field }}" value="1" />
+<p><input type="submit" value="Submit" /></p>
+</form>
+
+{% endblock %}
diff --git a/django/contrib/formtools/templates/formtools/preview.html b/django/contrib/formtools/templates/formtools/preview.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c7955d46e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/django/contrib/formtools/templates/formtools/preview.html
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+
+{% block content %}
+
+<h1>Preview your submission</h1>
+
+<table>
+{% for field in form %}
+<tr>
+<th>{{ field.verbose_name }}:</th>
+<td>{{ field.data|escape }}</td>
+</tr>
+{% endfor %}
+</table>
+
+<p>Security hash: {{ hash_value }}</p>
+
+<form action="" method="post">
+{% for field in form %}{{ field.as_hidden }}
+{% endfor %}
+<input type="hidden" name="{{ stage_field }}" value="2" />
+<input type="hidden" name="{{ hash_field }}" value="{{ hash_value }}" />
+<p><input type="submit" value="Submit" /></p>
+</form>
+
+<h1>Or edit it again</h1>
+
+<form action="" method="post">
+<table>
+{{ form }}
+</table>
+<input type="hidden" name="{{ stage_field }}" value="1" />
+<p><input type="submit" value="Submit changes" /></p>
+</form>
+
+{% endblock %}
diff --git a/django/contrib/sitemaps/__init__.py b/django/contrib/sitemaps/__init__.py
index 2c76e13c22..44ede4460a 100644
--- a/django/contrib/sitemaps/__init__.py
+++ b/django/contrib/sitemaps/__init__.py
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ def ping_google(sitemap_url=None, ping_url=PING_URL):
 
     from django.contrib.sites.models import Site
     current_site = Site.objects.get_current()
-    url = "%s%s" % (current_site.domain, sitemap)
+    url = "%s%s" % (current_site.domain, sitemap_url)
     params = urllib.urlencode({'sitemap':url})
     urllib.urlopen("%s?%s" % (ping_url, params))
 
diff --git a/django/contrib/sitemaps/templates/sitemap.xml b/django/contrib/sitemaps/templates/sitemap.xml
index ad24c045d4..16d9a0bbe0 100644
--- a/django/contrib/sitemaps/templates/sitemap.xml
+++ b/django/contrib/sitemaps/templates/sitemap.xml
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<urlset xmlns="http://www.google.com/schemas/sitemap/0.84">
+<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
 {% spaceless %}
 {% for url in urlset %}
   <url>
diff --git a/django/contrib/sitemaps/templates/sitemap_index.xml b/django/contrib/sitemaps/templates/sitemap_index.xml
index c89b192ecc..a2bcce85dc 100644
--- a/django/contrib/sitemaps/templates/sitemap_index.xml
+++ b/django/contrib/sitemaps/templates/sitemap_index.xml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<sitemapindex xmlns="http://www.google.com/schemas/sitemap/0.84">
+<sitemapindex xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
 {% for location in sitemaps %}<sitemap><loc>{{ location|escape }}</loc></sitemap>{% endfor %}
 </sitemapindex>
diff --git a/django/core/handlers/base.py b/django/core/handlers/base.py
index c1403ea4fa..85473a6353 100644
--- a/django/core/handlers/base.py
+++ b/django/core/handlers/base.py
@@ -84,7 +84,11 @@ class BaseHandler(object):
 
             # Complain if the view returned None (a common error).
             if response is None:
-                raise ValueError, "The view %s.%s didn't return an HttpResponse object." % (callback.__module__, callback.func_name)
+                try:
+                    view_name = callback.func_name # If it's a function
+                except AttributeError:
+                    view_name = callback.__class__.__name__ + '.__call__' # If it's a class
+                raise ValueError, "The view %s.%s didn't return an HttpResponse object." % (callback.__module__, view_name)
 
             return response
         except http.Http404, e:
diff --git a/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py b/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py
index 2998bd31f6..71cfecd9a0 100644
--- a/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py
+++ b/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def safe_copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst, length=16*1024, size=0):
     data in the body.
     """
     if not size:
-        return copyfileobj(fsrc, fdst, length)
+        return
     while size > 0:
         buf = fsrc.read(min(length, size))
         if not buf:
@@ -157,7 +157,11 @@ class WSGIRequest(http.HttpRequest):
             return self._raw_post_data
         except AttributeError:
             buf = StringIO()
-            content_length = int(self.environ['CONTENT_LENGTH'])
+            try:
+                # CONTENT_LENGTH might be absent if POST doesn't have content at all (lighttpd)
+                content_length = int(self.environ.get('CONTENT_LENGTH', 0))
+            except ValueError: # if CONTENT_LENGTH was empty string or not an integer
+                content_length = 0
             safe_copyfileobj(self.environ['wsgi.input'], buf, size=content_length)
             self._raw_post_data = buf.getvalue()
             buf.close()
diff --git a/django/core/servers/fastcgi.py b/django/core/servers/fastcgi.py
index fccb7bf087..649dd6942d 100644
--- a/django/core/servers/fastcgi.py
+++ b/django/core/servers/fastcgi.py
@@ -118,6 +118,8 @@ def runfastcgi(argset=[], **kwargs):
     else:
         return fastcgi_help("ERROR: Implementation must be one of prefork or thread.")
 
+    wsgi_opts['debug'] = False # Turn off flup tracebacks
+
     # Prep up and go
     from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIHandler
 
diff --git a/django/core/xheaders.py b/django/core/xheaders.py
index 69f6115839..3beb930158 100644
--- a/django/core/xheaders.py
+++ b/django/core/xheaders.py
@@ -17,6 +17,6 @@ def populate_xheaders(request, response, model, object_id):
     or if the request is from a logged in staff member.
     """
     from django.conf import settings
-    if request.META.get('REMOTE_ADDR') in settings.INTERNAL_IPS or (request.user.is_authenticated() and request.user.is_staff):
+    if request.META.get('REMOTE_ADDR') in settings.INTERNAL_IPS or (hasattr(request, 'user') and request.user.is_authenticated() and request.user.is_staff):
         response['X-Object-Type'] = "%s.%s" % (model._meta.app_label, model._meta.object_name.lower())
         response['X-Object-Id'] = str(object_id)
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py b/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py
index d59b697de2..d4dd4cdd47 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/__init__.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.db.models import signals
 from django.dispatch import dispatcher
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.core import validators
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
 from django.utils.functional import curry
 from django.utils.itercompat import tee
@@ -210,10 +210,10 @@ class Field(object):
 
         if self.choices:
             if self.radio_admin:
-                field_objs = [forms.RadioSelectField]
+                field_objs = [oldforms.RadioSelectField]
                 params['ul_class'] = get_ul_class(self.radio_admin)
             else:
-                field_objs = [forms.SelectField]
+                field_objs = [oldforms.SelectField]
 
             params['choices'] = self.get_choices_default()
         else:
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ class Field(object):
 
     def get_manipulator_fields(self, opts, manipulator, change, name_prefix='', rel=False, follow=True):
         """
-        Returns a list of forms.FormField instances for this field. It
+        Returns a list of oldforms.FormField instances for this field. It
         calculates the choices at runtime, not at compile time.
 
         name_prefix is a prefix to prepend to the "field_name" argument.
@@ -337,6 +337,12 @@ class Field(object):
             return self._choices
     choices = property(_get_choices)
 
+    def formfield(self):
+        "Returns a django.newforms.Field instance for this database Field."
+        from django.newforms import CharField
+        # TODO: This is just a temporary default during development.
+        return CharField(label=capfirst(self.verbose_name))
+
 class AutoField(Field):
     empty_strings_allowed = False
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -358,7 +364,7 @@ class AutoField(Field):
         return Field.get_manipulator_fields(self, opts, manipulator, change, name_prefix, rel, follow)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.HiddenField]
+        return [oldforms.HiddenField]
 
     def get_manipulator_new_data(self, new_data, rel=False):
         # Never going to be called
@@ -385,11 +391,11 @@ class BooleanField(Field):
         raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("This value must be either True or False.")
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.CheckboxField]
+        return [oldforms.CheckboxField]
 
 class CharField(Field):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.TextField]
+        return [oldforms.TextField]
 
     def to_python(self, value):
         if isinstance(value, basestring):
@@ -404,7 +410,7 @@ class CharField(Field):
 # TODO: Maybe move this into contrib, because it's specialized.
 class CommaSeparatedIntegerField(CharField):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.CommaSeparatedIntegerField]
+        return [oldforms.CommaSeparatedIntegerField]
 
 class DateField(Field):
     empty_strings_allowed = False
@@ -472,7 +478,7 @@ class DateField(Field):
         return Field.get_db_prep_save(self, value)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.DateField]
+        return [oldforms.DateField]
 
     def flatten_data(self, follow, obj = None):
         val = self._get_val_from_obj(obj)
@@ -497,7 +503,7 @@ class DateTimeField(DateField):
 
     def get_db_prep_save(self, value):
         # Casts dates into string format for entry into database.
-        if isinstance(value, datetime.datetime):
+        if value is not None:
             # MySQL/Oracle will throw a warning if microseconds are given, because
             # neither database supports microseconds.
             if settings.DATABASE_ENGINE in ('mysql', 'oracle') and hasattr(value, 'microsecond'):
@@ -505,14 +511,6 @@ class DateTimeField(DateField):
             # cx_Oracle wants the raw datetime instead of a string.
             if settings.DATABASE_ENGINE != 'oracle':
                 value = str(value)
-        elif isinstance(value, datetime.date):
-            # MySQL/Oracle will throw a warning if microseconds are given, because
-            # neither database supports microseconds.
-            if settings.DATABASE_ENGINE in ('mysql', 'oracle') and hasattr(value, 'microsecond'):
-                value = datetime.datetime(value.year, value.month, value.day, microsecond=0)
-            # cx_Oracle wants the raw datetime instead of a string.
-            if settings.DATABASE_ENGINE != 'oracle':
-                value = str(value)
         return Field.get_db_prep_save(self, value)
 
     def get_db_prep_lookup(self, lookup_type, value):
@@ -527,7 +525,7 @@ class DateTimeField(DateField):
         return Field.get_db_prep_lookup(self, lookup_type, value)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.DateField, forms.TimeField]
+        return [oldforms.DateField, oldforms.TimeField]
 
     def get_manipulator_field_names(self, name_prefix):
         return [name_prefix + self.name + '_date', name_prefix + self.name + '_time']
@@ -564,7 +562,7 @@ class EmailField(CharField):
         return "CharField"
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.EmailField]
+        return [oldforms.EmailField]
 
     def validate(self, field_data, all_data):
         validators.isValidEmail(field_data, all_data)
@@ -628,7 +626,7 @@ class FileField(Field):
                 os.remove(file_name)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.FileUploadField, forms.HiddenField]
+        return [oldforms.FileUploadField, oldforms.HiddenField]
 
     def get_manipulator_field_names(self, name_prefix):
         return [name_prefix + self.name + '_file', name_prefix + self.name]
@@ -656,7 +654,7 @@ class FilePathField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, verbose_name, name, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [curry(forms.FilePathField, path=self.path, match=self.match, recursive=self.recursive)]
+        return [curry(oldforms.FilePathField, path=self.path, match=self.match, recursive=self.recursive)]
 
 class FloatField(Field):
     empty_strings_allowed = False
@@ -665,7 +663,7 @@ class FloatField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, verbose_name, name, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [curry(forms.FloatField, max_digits=self.max_digits, decimal_places=self.decimal_places)]
+        return [curry(oldforms.FloatField, max_digits=self.max_digits, decimal_places=self.decimal_places)]
 
 class ImageField(FileField):
     def __init__(self, verbose_name=None, name=None, width_field=None, height_field=None, **kwargs):
@@ -673,7 +671,7 @@ class ImageField(FileField):
         FileField.__init__(self, verbose_name, name, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.ImageUploadField, forms.HiddenField]
+        return [oldforms.ImageUploadField, oldforms.HiddenField]
 
     def contribute_to_class(self, cls, name):
         super(ImageField, self).contribute_to_class(cls, name)
@@ -699,7 +697,7 @@ class ImageField(FileField):
 class IntegerField(Field):
     empty_strings_allowed = False
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.IntegerField]
+        return [oldforms.IntegerField]
 
 class IPAddressField(Field):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -707,7 +705,7 @@ class IPAddressField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.IPAddressField]
+        return [oldforms.IPAddressField]
 
     def validate(self, field_data, all_data):
         validators.isValidIPAddress4(field_data, None)
@@ -718,22 +716,22 @@ class NullBooleanField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.NullBooleanField]
+        return [oldforms.NullBooleanField]
 
 class PhoneNumberField(IntegerField):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.PhoneNumberField]
+        return [oldforms.PhoneNumberField]
 
     def validate(self, field_data, all_data):
         validators.isValidPhone(field_data, all_data)
 
 class PositiveIntegerField(IntegerField):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.PositiveIntegerField]
+        return [oldforms.PositiveIntegerField]
 
 class PositiveSmallIntegerField(IntegerField):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.PositiveSmallIntegerField]
+        return [oldforms.PositiveSmallIntegerField]
 
 class SlugField(Field):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
@@ -745,15 +743,15 @@ class SlugField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.TextField]
+        return [oldforms.TextField]
 
 class SmallIntegerField(IntegerField):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.SmallIntegerField]
+        return [oldforms.SmallIntegerField]
 
 class TextField(Field):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.LargeTextField]
+        return [oldforms.LargeTextField]
 
 class TimeField(Field):
     empty_strings_allowed = False
@@ -795,7 +793,7 @@ class TimeField(Field):
         return Field.get_db_prep_save(self, value)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.TimeField]
+        return [oldforms.TimeField]
 
     def flatten_data(self,follow, obj = None):
         val = self._get_val_from_obj(obj)
@@ -808,11 +806,11 @@ class URLField(Field):
         Field.__init__(self, verbose_name, name, **kwargs)
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.URLField]
+        return [oldforms.URLField]
 
 class USStateField(Field):
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [forms.USStateField]
+        return [oldforms.USStateField]
 
 class XMLField(TextField):
     def __init__(self, verbose_name=None, name=None, schema_path=None, **kwargs):
@@ -823,7 +821,7 @@ class XMLField(TextField):
         return "TextField"
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
-        return [curry(forms.XMLLargeTextField, schema_path=self.schema_path)]
+        return [curry(oldforms.XMLLargeTextField, schema_path=self.schema_path)]
 
 class OrderingField(IntegerField):
     empty_strings_allowed=False
@@ -836,4 +834,4 @@ class OrderingField(IntegerField):
         return "IntegerField"
 
     def get_manipulator_fields(self, opts, manipulator, change, name_prefix='', rel=False, follow=True):
-        return [forms.HiddenField(name_prefix + self.name)]
+        return [oldforms.HiddenField(name_prefix + self.name)]
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/generic.py b/django/db/models/fields/generic.py
index 7d7651029c..1ad8346e42 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/generic.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/generic.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Classes allowing "generic" relations through ContentType and object-id fields.
 """
 
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
 from django.db import backend
 from django.db.models import signals
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ class GenericRelation(RelatedField, Field):
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
         choices = self.get_choices_default()
-        return [curry(forms.SelectMultipleField, size=min(max(len(choices), 5), 15), choices=choices)]
+        return [curry(oldforms.SelectMultipleField, size=min(max(len(choices), 5), 15), choices=choices)]
 
     def get_choices_default(self):
         return Field.get_choices(self, include_blank=False)
diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/related.py b/django/db/models/fields/related.py
index ad78a01252..102e117631 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/related.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/related.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from django.db.models.related import RelatedObject
 from django.utils.translation import gettext_lazy, string_concat, ngettext
 from django.utils.functional import curry
 from django.core import validators
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 from django.dispatch import dispatcher
 
 # For Python 2.3
@@ -493,13 +493,13 @@ class ForeignKey(RelatedField, Field):
             params['validator_list'].append(curry(manipulator_valid_rel_key, self, manipulator))
         else:
             if self.radio_admin:
-                field_objs = [forms.RadioSelectField]
+                field_objs = [oldforms.RadioSelectField]
                 params['ul_class'] = get_ul_class(self.radio_admin)
             else:
                 if self.null:
-                    field_objs = [forms.NullSelectField]
+                    field_objs = [oldforms.NullSelectField]
                 else:
-                    field_objs = [forms.SelectField]
+                    field_objs = [oldforms.SelectField]
             params['choices'] = self.get_choices_default()
         return field_objs, params
 
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ class ForeignKey(RelatedField, Field):
         if self.rel.raw_id_admin and not isinstance(rel_field, AutoField):
             return rel_field.get_manipulator_field_objs()
         else:
-            return [forms.IntegerField]
+            return [oldforms.IntegerField]
 
     def get_db_prep_save(self, value):
         if value == '' or value == None:
@@ -581,13 +581,13 @@ class OneToOneField(RelatedField, IntegerField):
             params['validator_list'].append(curry(manipulator_valid_rel_key, self, manipulator))
         else:
             if self.radio_admin:
-                field_objs = [forms.RadioSelectField]
+                field_objs = [oldforms.RadioSelectField]
                 params['ul_class'] = get_ul_class(self.radio_admin)
             else:
                 if self.null:
-                    field_objs = [forms.NullSelectField]
+                    field_objs = [oldforms.NullSelectField]
                 else:
-                    field_objs = [forms.SelectField]
+                    field_objs = [oldforms.SelectField]
             params['choices'] = self.get_choices_default()
         return field_objs, params
 
@@ -622,10 +622,10 @@ class ManyToManyField(RelatedField, Field):
 
     def get_manipulator_field_objs(self):
         if self.rel.raw_id_admin:
-            return [forms.RawIdAdminField]
+            return [oldforms.RawIdAdminField]
         else:
             choices = self.get_choices_default()
-            return [curry(forms.SelectMultipleField, size=min(max(len(choices), 5), 15), choices=choices)]
+            return [curry(oldforms.SelectMultipleField, size=min(max(len(choices), 5), 15), choices=choices)]
 
     def get_choices_default(self):
         return Field.get_choices(self, include_blank=False)
diff --git a/django/db/models/manipulators.py b/django/db/models/manipulators.py
index c61e82f813..aea3aa70a7 100644
--- a/django/db/models/manipulators.py
+++ b/django/db/models/manipulators.py
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 from django.core import validators
 from django.db.models.fields import FileField, AutoField
 from django.dispatch import dispatcher
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class ManipulatorDescriptor(object):
                 self.man._prepare(model)
             return self.man
 
-class AutomaticManipulator(forms.Manipulator):
+class AutomaticManipulator(oldforms.Manipulator):
     def _prepare(cls, model):
         cls.model = model
         cls.manager = model._default_manager
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class AutomaticManipulator(forms.Manipulator):
 
         # Add field for ordering.
         if self.change and self.opts.get_ordered_objects():
-            self.fields.append(forms.CommaSeparatedIntegerField(field_name="order_"))
+            self.fields.append(oldforms.CommaSeparatedIntegerField(field_name="order_"))
 
     def save(self, new_data):
         # TODO: big cleanup when core fields go -> use recursive manipulators.
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ def manipulator_validator_unique_together(field_name_list, opts, self, field_dat
 def manipulator_validator_unique_for_date(from_field, date_field, opts, lookup_type, self, field_data, all_data):
     from django.db.models.fields.related import ManyToOneRel
     date_str = all_data.get(date_field.get_manipulator_field_names('')[0], None)
-    date_val = forms.DateField.html2python(date_str)
+    date_val = oldforms.DateField.html2python(date_str)
     if date_val is None:
         return # Date was invalid. This will be caught by another validator.
     lookup_kwargs = {'%s__year' % date_field.name: date_val.year}
diff --git a/django/http/__init__.py b/django/http/__init__.py
index bb0e973aae..48f10329fd 100644
--- a/django/http/__init__.py
+++ b/django/http/__init__.py
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ class HttpResponse(object):
         if path is not None:
             self.cookies[key]['path'] = path
         if domain is not None:
-            self.cookies[key]['domain'] = path
+            self.cookies[key]['domain'] = domain
         self.cookies[key]['expires'] = 0
         self.cookies[key]['max-age'] = 0
 
diff --git a/django/middleware/gzip.py b/django/middleware/gzip.py
index 7d860abdb1..a7c74481d0 100644
--- a/django/middleware/gzip.py
+++ b/django/middleware/gzip.py
@@ -25,4 +25,5 @@ class GZipMiddleware(object):
 
         response.content = compress_string(response.content)
         response['Content-Encoding'] = 'gzip'
+        response['Content-Length'] = str(len(response.content))
         return response
diff --git a/django/newforms/__init__.py b/django/newforms/__init__.py
index 2a472d7b39..a445a21bfb 100644
--- a/django/newforms/__init__.py
+++ b/django/newforms/__init__.py
@@ -14,15 +14,4 @@ from util import ValidationError
 from widgets import *
 from fields import *
 from forms import Form
-
-##########################
-# DATABASE API SHORTCUTS #
-##########################
-
-def form_for_model(model):
-    "Returns a Form instance for the given Django model class."
-    raise NotImplementedError
-
-def form_for_fields(field_list):
-    "Returns a Form instance for the given list of Django database field instances."
-    raise NotImplementedError
+from models import *
diff --git a/django/newforms/fields.py b/django/newforms/fields.py
index 179555fc77..24849bdbcf 100644
--- a/django/newforms/fields.py
+++ b/django/newforms/fields.py
@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
 Field classes
 """
 
-from util import ValidationError, DEFAULT_ENCODING, smart_unicode
-from widgets import TextInput, CheckboxInput, Select, SelectMultiple
+from django.utils.translation import gettext
+from util import ValidationError, smart_unicode
+from widgets import TextInput, PasswordInput, CheckboxInput, Select, SelectMultiple
 import datetime
 import re
 import time
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ import time
 __all__ = (
     'Field', 'CharField', 'IntegerField',
     'DEFAULT_DATE_INPUT_FORMATS', 'DateField',
+    'DEFAULT_TIME_INPUT_FORMATS', 'TimeField',
     'DEFAULT_DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS', 'DateTimeField',
     'RegexField', 'EmailField', 'URLField', 'BooleanField',
     'ChoiceField', 'MultipleChoiceField',
@@ -28,13 +30,26 @@ except NameError:
 class Field(object):
     widget = TextInput # Default widget to use when rendering this type of Field.
 
-    def __init__(self, required=True, widget=None):
-        self.required = required
+    # Tracks each time a Field instance is created. Used to retain order.
+    creation_counter = 0
+
+    def __init__(self, required=True, widget=None, label=None):
+        self.required, self.label = required, label
         widget = widget or self.widget
         if isinstance(widget, type):
             widget = widget()
+
+        # Hook into self.widget_attrs() for any Field-specific HTML attributes.
+        extra_attrs = self.widget_attrs(widget)
+        if extra_attrs:
+            widget.attrs.update(extra_attrs)
+
         self.widget = widget
 
+        # Increase the creation counter, and save our local copy.
+        self.creation_counter = Field.creation_counter
+        Field.creation_counter += 1
+
     def clean(self, value):
         """
         Validates the given value and returns its "cleaned" value as an
@@ -43,13 +58,21 @@ class Field(object):
         Raises ValidationError for any errors.
         """
         if self.required and value in EMPTY_VALUES:
-            raise ValidationError(u'This field is required.')
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'This field is required.'))
         return value
 
+    def widget_attrs(self, widget):
+        """
+        Given a Widget instance (*not* a Widget class), returns a dictionary of
+        any HTML attributes that should be added to the Widget, based on this
+        Field.
+        """
+        return {}
+
 class CharField(Field):
-    def __init__(self, max_length=None, min_length=None, required=True, widget=None):
-        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+    def __init__(self, max_length=None, min_length=None, required=True, widget=None, label=None):
         self.max_length, self.min_length = max_length, min_length
+        Field.__init__(self, required, widget, label)
 
     def clean(self, value):
         "Validates max_length and min_length. Returns a Unicode object."
@@ -57,11 +80,15 @@ class CharField(Field):
         if value in EMPTY_VALUES: value = u''
         value = smart_unicode(value)
         if self.max_length is not None and len(value) > self.max_length:
-            raise ValidationError(u'Ensure this value has at most %d characters.' % self.max_length)
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Ensure this value has at most %d characters.') % self.max_length)
         if self.min_length is not None and len(value) < self.min_length:
-            raise ValidationError(u'Ensure this value has at least %d characters.' % self.min_length)
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Ensure this value has at least %d characters.') % self.min_length)
         return value
 
+    def widget_attrs(self, widget):
+        if self.max_length is not None and isinstance(widget, (TextInput, PasswordInput)):
+            return {'maxlength': str(self.max_length)}
+
 class IntegerField(Field):
     def clean(self, value):
         """
@@ -69,10 +96,12 @@ class IntegerField(Field):
         of int().
         """
         super(IntegerField, self).clean(value)
+        if not self.required and value in EMPTY_VALUES:
+            return u''
         try:
             return int(value)
         except (ValueError, TypeError):
-            raise ValidationError(u'Enter a whole number.')
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Enter a whole number.'))
 
 DEFAULT_DATE_INPUT_FORMATS = (
     '%Y-%m-%d', '%m/%d/%Y', '%m/%d/%y', # '2006-10-25', '10/25/2006', '10/25/06'
@@ -83,8 +112,8 @@ DEFAULT_DATE_INPUT_FORMATS = (
 )
 
 class DateField(Field):
-    def __init__(self, input_formats=None, required=True, widget=None):
-        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+    def __init__(self, input_formats=None, required=True, widget=None, label=None):
+        Field.__init__(self, required, widget, label)
         self.input_formats = input_formats or DEFAULT_DATE_INPUT_FORMATS
 
     def clean(self, value):
@@ -104,7 +133,34 @@ class DateField(Field):
                 return datetime.date(*time.strptime(value, format)[:3])
             except ValueError:
                 continue
-        raise ValidationError(u'Enter a valid date.')
+        raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Enter a valid date.'))
+
+DEFAULT_TIME_INPUT_FORMATS = (
+    '%H:%M:%S',     # '14:30:59'
+    '%H:%M',        # '14:30'
+)
+
+class TimeField(Field):
+    def __init__(self, input_formats=None, required=True, widget=None, label=None):
+        Field.__init__(self, required, widget, label)
+        self.input_formats = input_formats or DEFAULT_TIME_INPUT_FORMATS
+
+    def clean(self, value):
+        """
+        Validates that the input can be converted to a time. Returns a Python
+        datetime.time object.
+        """
+        Field.clean(self, value)
+        if value in EMPTY_VALUES:
+            return None
+        if isinstance(value, datetime.time):
+            return value
+        for format in self.input_formats:
+            try:
+                return datetime.time(*time.strptime(value, format)[3:6])
+            except ValueError:
+                continue
+        raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Enter a valid time.'))
 
 DEFAULT_DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS = (
     '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',     # '2006-10-25 14:30:59'
@@ -119,8 +175,8 @@ DEFAULT_DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS = (
 )
 
 class DateTimeField(Field):
-    def __init__(self, input_formats=None, required=True, widget=None):
-        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+    def __init__(self, input_formats=None, required=True, widget=None, label=None):
+        Field.__init__(self, required, widget, label)
         self.input_formats = input_formats or DEFAULT_DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS
 
     def clean(self, value):
@@ -140,20 +196,20 @@ class DateTimeField(Field):
                 return datetime.datetime(*time.strptime(value, format)[:6])
             except ValueError:
                 continue
-        raise ValidationError(u'Enter a valid date/time.')
+        raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Enter a valid date/time.'))
 
 class RegexField(Field):
-    def __init__(self, regex, error_message=None, required=True, widget=None):
+    def __init__(self, regex, error_message=None, required=True, widget=None, label=None):
         """
         regex can be either a string or a compiled regular expression object.
         error_message is an optional error message to use, if
         'Enter a valid value' is too generic for you.
         """
-        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+        Field.__init__(self, required, widget, label)
         if isinstance(regex, basestring):
             regex = re.compile(regex)
         self.regex = regex
-        self.error_message = error_message or u'Enter a valid value.'
+        self.error_message = error_message or gettext(u'Enter a valid value.')
 
     def clean(self, value):
         """
@@ -163,6 +219,8 @@ class RegexField(Field):
         Field.clean(self, value)
         if value in EMPTY_VALUES: value = u''
         value = smart_unicode(value)
+        if not self.required and value == u'':
+            return value
         if not self.regex.search(value):
             raise ValidationError(self.error_message)
         return value
@@ -173,8 +231,8 @@ email_re = re.compile(
     r')@(?:[A-Z0-9-]+\.)+[A-Z]{2,6}$', re.IGNORECASE)  # domain
 
 class EmailField(RegexField):
-    def __init__(self, required=True, widget=None):
-        RegexField.__init__(self, email_re, u'Enter a valid e-mail address.', required, widget)
+    def __init__(self, required=True, widget=None, label=None):
+        RegexField.__init__(self, email_re, gettext(u'Enter a valid e-mail address.'), required, widget, label)
 
 url_re = re.compile(
     r'^https?://' # http:// or https://
@@ -190,9 +248,9 @@ except ImportError:
     URL_VALIDATOR_USER_AGENT = 'Django (http://www.djangoproject.com/)'
 
 class URLField(RegexField):
-    def __init__(self, required=True, verify_exists=False, widget=None,
+    def __init__(self, required=True, verify_exists=False, widget=None, label=None,
             validator_user_agent=URL_VALIDATOR_USER_AGENT):
-        RegexField.__init__(self, url_re, u'Enter a valid URL.', required, widget)
+        RegexField.__init__(self, url_re, gettext(u'Enter a valid URL.'), required, widget, label)
         self.verify_exists = verify_exists
         self.user_agent = validator_user_agent
 
@@ -212,9 +270,9 @@ class URLField(RegexField):
                 req = urllib2.Request(value, None, headers)
                 u = urllib2.urlopen(req)
             except ValueError:
-                raise ValidationError(u'Enter a valid URL.')
+                raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Enter a valid URL.'))
             except: # urllib2.URLError, httplib.InvalidURL, etc.
-                raise ValidationError(u'This URL appears to be a broken link.')
+                raise ValidationError(gettext(u'This URL appears to be a broken link.'))
         return value
 
 class BooleanField(Field):
@@ -226,10 +284,10 @@ class BooleanField(Field):
         return bool(value)
 
 class ChoiceField(Field):
-    def __init__(self, choices=(), required=True, widget=Select):
+    def __init__(self, choices=(), required=True, widget=Select, label=None):
         if isinstance(widget, type):
             widget = widget(choices=choices)
-        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+        Field.__init__(self, required, widget, label)
         self.choices = choices
 
     def clean(self, value):
@@ -239,37 +297,46 @@ class ChoiceField(Field):
         value = Field.clean(self, value)
         if value in EMPTY_VALUES: value = u''
         value = smart_unicode(value)
+        if not self.required and value == u'':
+            return value
         valid_values = set([str(k) for k, v in self.choices])
         if value not in valid_values:
-            raise ValidationError(u'Select a valid choice. %s is not one of the available choices.' % value)
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Select a valid choice. %s is not one of the available choices.') % value)
         return value
 
 class MultipleChoiceField(ChoiceField):
-    def __init__(self, choices=(), required=True, widget=SelectMultiple):
-        ChoiceField.__init__(self, choices, required, widget)
+    def __init__(self, choices=(), required=True, widget=SelectMultiple, label=None):
+        ChoiceField.__init__(self, choices, required, widget, label)
 
     def clean(self, value):
         """
         Validates that the input is a list or tuple.
         """
-        if not isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
-            raise ValidationError(u'Enter a list of values.')
         if self.required and not value:
-            raise ValidationError(u'This field is required.')
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'This field is required.'))
+        elif not self.required and not value:
+            return []
+        if not isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+            raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Enter a list of values.'))
         new_value = []
         for val in value:
             val = smart_unicode(val)
             new_value.append(val)
         # Validate that each value in the value list is in self.choices.
-        valid_values = set([k for k, v in self.choices])
+        valid_values = set([smart_unicode(k) for k, v in self.choices])
         for val in new_value:
             if val not in valid_values:
-                raise ValidationError(u'Select a valid choice. %s is not one of the available choices.' % val)
+                raise ValidationError(gettext(u'Select a valid choice. %s is not one of the available choices.') % val)
         return new_value
 
 class ComboField(Field):
-    def __init__(self, fields=(), required=True, widget=None):
-        Field.__init__(self, required, widget)
+    def __init__(self, fields=(), required=True, widget=None, label=None):
+        Field.__init__(self, required, widget, label)
+        # Set 'required' to False on the individual fields, because the
+        # required validation will be handled by ComboField, not by those
+        # individual fields.
+        for f in fields:
+            f.required = False
         self.fields = fields
 
     def clean(self, value):
diff --git a/django/newforms/forms.py b/django/newforms/forms.py
index 2730bfe4e4..96948264e4 100644
--- a/django/newforms/forms.py
+++ b/django/newforms/forms.py
@@ -2,9 +2,11 @@
 Form classes
 """
 
+from django.utils.datastructures import SortedDict, MultiValueDict
+from django.utils.html import escape
 from fields import Field
-from widgets import TextInput, Textarea
-from util import ErrorDict, ErrorList, ValidationError
+from widgets import TextInput, Textarea, HiddenInput
+from util import StrAndUnicode, ErrorDict, ErrorList, ValidationError
 
 NON_FIELD_ERRORS = '__all__'
 
@@ -13,23 +15,37 @@ def pretty_name(name):
     name = name[0].upper() + name[1:]
     return name.replace('_', ' ')
 
+class SortedDictFromList(SortedDict):
+    "A dictionary that keeps its keys in the order in which they're inserted."
+    # This is different than django.utils.datastructures.SortedDict, because
+    # this takes a list/tuple as the argument to __init__().
+    def __init__(self, data=None):
+        if data is None: data = []
+        self.keyOrder = [d[0] for d in data]
+        dict.__init__(self, dict(data))
+
 class DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass(type):
     "Metaclass that converts Field attributes to a dictionary called 'fields'."
     def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
-        attrs['fields'] = dict([(name, attrs.pop(name)) for name, obj in attrs.items() if isinstance(obj, Field)])
+        fields = [(name, attrs.pop(name)) for name, obj in attrs.items() if isinstance(obj, Field)]
+        fields.sort(lambda x, y: cmp(x[1].creation_counter, y[1].creation_counter))
+        attrs['fields'] = SortedDictFromList(fields)
         return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
 
-class Form(object):
-    "A collection of Fields, plus their associated data."
-    __metaclass__ = DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass
-
-    def __init__(self, data=None, auto_id=False): # TODO: prefix stuff
+class BaseForm(StrAndUnicode):
+    # This is the main implementation of all the Form logic. Note that this
+    # class is different than Form. See the comments by the Form class for more
+    # information. Any improvements to the form API should be made to *this*
+    # class, not to the Form class.
+    def __init__(self, data=None, auto_id='id_%s', prefix=None):
+        self.ignore_errors = data is None
         self.data = data or {}
         self.auto_id = auto_id
+        self.prefix = prefix
         self.clean_data = None # Stores the data after clean() has been called.
         self.__errors = None # Stores the errors after clean() has been called.
 
-    def __str__(self):
+    def __unicode__(self):
         return self.as_table()
 
     def __iter__(self):
@@ -44,60 +60,75 @@ class Form(object):
             raise KeyError('Key %r not found in Form' % name)
         return BoundField(self, field, name)
 
-    def clean(self):
-        if self.__errors is None:
-            self.full_clean()
-        return self.clean_data
-
-    def errors(self):
+    def _errors(self):
         "Returns an ErrorDict for self.data"
         if self.__errors is None:
             self.full_clean()
         return self.__errors
+    errors = property(_errors)
 
     def is_valid(self):
         """
-        Returns True if the form has no errors. Otherwise, False. This exists
-        solely for convenience, so client code can use positive logic rather
-        than confusing negative logic ("if not form.errors()").
+        Returns True if the form has no errors. Otherwise, False. If errors are
+        being ignored, returns False.
+        """
+        return not self.ignore_errors and not bool(self.errors)
+
+    def add_prefix(self, field_name):
+        """
+        Returns the field name with a prefix appended, if this Form has a
+        prefix set.
+
+        Subclasses may wish to override.
         """
-        return not bool(self.errors())
+        return self.prefix and ('%s-%s' % (self.prefix, field_name)) or field_name
+
+    def _html_output(self, normal_row, error_row, row_ender, errors_on_separate_row):
+        "Helper function for outputting HTML. Used by as_table(), as_ul(), as_p()."
+        top_errors = self.non_field_errors() # Errors that should be displayed above all fields.
+        output, hidden_fields = [], []
+        for name, field in self.fields.items():
+            bf = BoundField(self, field, name)
+            bf_errors = bf.errors # Cache in local variable.
+            if bf.is_hidden:
+                if bf_errors:
+                    top_errors.extend(['(Hidden field %s) %s' % (name, e) for e in bf_errors])
+                hidden_fields.append(unicode(bf))
+            else:
+                if errors_on_separate_row and bf_errors:
+                    output.append(error_row % bf_errors)
+                output.append(normal_row % {'errors': bf_errors, 'label': bf.label_tag(escape(bf.label+':')), 'field': bf})
+        if top_errors:
+            output.insert(0, error_row % top_errors)
+        if hidden_fields: # Insert any hidden fields in the last row.
+            str_hidden = u''.join(hidden_fields)
+            if output:
+                last_row = output[-1]
+                # Chop off the trailing row_ender (e.g. '</td></tr>') and insert the hidden fields.
+                output[-1] = last_row[:-len(row_ender)] + str_hidden + row_ender
+            else: # If there aren't any rows in the output, just append the hidden fields.
+                output.append(str_hidden)
+        return u'\n'.join(output)
 
     def as_table(self):
         "Returns this form rendered as HTML <tr>s -- excluding the <table></table>."
-        return u'\n'.join(['<tr><td>%s:</td><td>%s</td></tr>' % (pretty_name(name), BoundField(self, field, name)) for name, field in self.fields.items()])
+        return self._html_output(u'<tr><th>%(label)s</th><td>%(field)s</td></tr>', u'<tr><td colspan="2">%s</td></tr>', '</td></tr>', True)
 
     def as_ul(self):
         "Returns this form rendered as HTML <li>s -- excluding the <ul></ul>."
-        return u'\n'.join(['<li>%s: %s</li>' % (pretty_name(name), BoundField(self, field, name)) for name, field in self.fields.items()])
+        return self._html_output(u'<li>%(errors)s%(label)s %(field)s</li>', u'<li>%s</li>', '</li>', False)
 
-    def as_table_with_errors(self):
-        "Returns this form rendered as HTML <tr>s, with errors."
-        output = []
-        if self.errors().get(NON_FIELD_ERRORS):
-            # Errors not corresponding to a particular field are displayed at the top.
-            output.append('<tr><td colspan="2"><ul>%s</ul></td></tr>' % '\n'.join(['<li>%s</li>' % e for e in self.errors()[NON_FIELD_ERRORS]]))
-        for name, field in self.fields.items():
-            bf = BoundField(self, field, name)
-            if bf.errors:
-                output.append('<tr><td colspan="2"><ul>%s</ul></td></tr>' % '\n'.join(['<li>%s</li>' % e for e in bf.errors]))
-            output.append('<tr><td>%s:</td><td>%s</td></tr>' % (pretty_name(name), bf))
-        return u'\n'.join(output)
+    def as_p(self):
+        "Returns this form rendered as HTML <p>s."
+        return self._html_output(u'<p>%(label)s %(field)s</p>', u'<p>%s</p>', '</p>', True)
 
-    def as_ul_with_errors(self):
-        "Returns this form rendered as HTML <li>s, with errors."
-        output = []
-        if self.errors().get(NON_FIELD_ERRORS):
-            # Errors not corresponding to a particular field are displayed at the top.
-            output.append('<li><ul>%s</ul></li>' % '\n'.join(['<li>%s</li>' % e for e in self.errors()[NON_FIELD_ERRORS]]))
-        for name, field in self.fields.items():
-            bf = BoundField(self, field, name)
-            line = '<li>'
-            if bf.errors:
-                line += '<ul>%s</ul>' % '\n'.join(['<li>%s</li>' % e for e in bf.errors])
-            line += '%s: %s</li>' % (pretty_name(name), bf)
-            output.append(line)
-        return u'\n'.join(output)
+    def non_field_errors(self):
+        """
+        Returns an ErrorList of errors that aren't associated with a particular
+        field -- i.e., from Form.clean(). Returns an empty ErrorList if there
+        are none.
+        """
+        return self.errors.get(NON_FIELD_ERRORS, ErrorList())
 
     def full_clean(self):
         """
@@ -105,8 +136,14 @@ class Form(object):
         """
         self.clean_data = {}
         errors = ErrorDict()
+        if self.ignore_errors: # Stop further processing.
+            self.__errors = errors
+            return
         for name, field in self.fields.items():
-            value = self.data.get(name, None)
+            # value_from_datadict() gets the data from the dictionary.
+            # Each widget type knows how to retrieve its own data, because some
+            # widgets split data over several HTML fields.
+            value = field.widget.value_from_datadict(self.data, self.add_prefix(name))
             try:
                 value = field.clean(value)
                 self.clean_data[name] = value
@@ -126,40 +163,56 @@ class Form(object):
     def clean(self):
         """
         Hook for doing any extra form-wide cleaning after Field.clean() been
-        called on every field.
+        called on every field. Any ValidationError raised by this method will
+        not be associated with a particular field; it will have a special-case
+        association with the field named '__all__'.
         """
         return self.clean_data
 
-class BoundField(object):
+class Form(BaseForm):
+    "A collection of Fields, plus their associated data."
+    # This is a separate class from BaseForm in order to abstract the way
+    # self.fields is specified. This class (Form) is the one that does the
+    # fancy metaclass stuff purely for the semantic sugar -- it allows one
+    # to define a form using declarative syntax.
+    # BaseForm itself has no way of designating self.fields.
+    __metaclass__ = DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass
+
+class BoundField(StrAndUnicode):
     "A Field plus data"
     def __init__(self, form, field, name):
-        self._form = form
-        self._field = field
-        self._name = name
+        self.form = form
+        self.field = field
+        self.name = name
+        self.html_name = form.add_prefix(name)
+        self.label = self.field.label or pretty_name(name)
 
-    def __str__(self):
+    def __unicode__(self):
         "Renders this field as an HTML widget."
         # Use the 'widget' attribute on the field to determine which type
         # of HTML widget to use.
-        return self.as_widget(self._field.widget)
+        value = self.as_widget(self.field.widget)
+        if not isinstance(value, basestring):
+            # Some Widget render() methods -- notably RadioSelect -- return a
+            # "special" object rather than a string. Call the __str__() on that
+            # object to get its rendered value.
+            value = value.__str__()
+        return value
 
     def _errors(self):
         """
         Returns an ErrorList for this field. Returns an empty ErrorList
         if there are none.
         """
-        try:
-            return self._form.errors()[self._name]
-        except KeyError:
-            return ErrorList()
+        return self.form.errors.get(self.name, ErrorList())
     errors = property(_errors)
 
     def as_widget(self, widget, attrs=None):
         attrs = attrs or {}
         auto_id = self.auto_id
-        if not attrs.has_key('id') and not widget.attrs.has_key('id') and auto_id:
+        if auto_id and not attrs.has_key('id') and not widget.attrs.has_key('id'):
             attrs['id'] = auto_id
-        return widget.render(self._name, self._form.data.get(self._name, None), attrs=attrs)
+        return widget.render(self.html_name, self.data, attrs=attrs)
 
     def as_text(self, attrs=None):
         """
@@ -171,15 +224,46 @@ class BoundField(object):
         "Returns a string of HTML for representing this as a <textarea>."
         return self.as_widget(Textarea(), attrs)
 
+    def as_hidden(self, attrs=None):
+        """
+        Returns a string of HTML for representing this as an <input type="hidden">.
+        """
+        return self.as_widget(HiddenInput(), attrs)
+
+    def _data(self):
+        "Returns the data for this BoundField, or None if it wasn't given."
+        if self.field.widget.requires_data_list and isinstance(self.form.data, MultiValueDict):
+            return self.form.data.getlist(self.html_name)
+        return self.form.data.get(self.html_name, None)
+    data = property(_data)
+
+    def label_tag(self, contents=None):
+        """
+        Wraps the given contents in a <label>, if the field has an ID attribute.
+        Does not HTML-escape the contents. If contents aren't given, uses the
+        field's HTML-escaped label.
+        """
+        contents = contents or escape(self.label)
+        widget = self.field.widget
+        id_ = widget.attrs.get('id') or self.auto_id
+        if id_:
+            contents = '<label for="%s">%s</label>' % (widget.id_for_label(id_), contents)
+        return contents
+
+    def _is_hidden(self):
+        "Returns True if this BoundField's widget is hidden."
+        return self.field.widget.is_hidden
+    is_hidden = property(_is_hidden)
+
     def _auto_id(self):
         """
         Calculates and returns the ID attribute for this BoundField, if the
         associated Form has specified auto_id. Returns an empty string otherwise.
         """
-        auto_id = self._form.auto_id
+        auto_id = self.form.auto_id
         if auto_id and '%s' in str(auto_id):
-            return str(auto_id) % self._name
+            return str(auto_id) % self.html_name
         elif auto_id:
-            return self._name
+            return self.html_name
         return ''
     auto_id = property(_auto_id)
diff --git a/django/newforms/models.py b/django/newforms/models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6c01969001
--- /dev/null
+++ b/django/newforms/models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+"""
+Helper functions for creating Form classes from Django models
+and database field objects.
+"""
+
+from forms import BaseForm, DeclarativeFieldsMetaclass, SortedDictFromList
+
+__all__ = ('form_for_model', 'form_for_fields')
+
+def form_for_model(model):
+    "Returns a Form class for the given Django model class."
+    opts = model._meta
+    fields = SortedDictFromList([(f.name, f.formfield()) for f in opts.fields + opts.many_to_many])
+    return type(opts.object_name + 'Form', (BaseForm,), {'fields': fields, '_model_opts': opts})
+
+def form_for_fields(field_list):
+    "Returns a Form class for the given list of Django database field instances."
+    fields = SortedDictFromList([(f.name, f.formfield()) for f in field_list])
+    return type('FormForFields', (BaseForm,), {'fields': fields})
diff --git a/django/newforms/util.py b/django/newforms/util.py
index a5cc4932ea..a78623a17b 100644
--- a/django/newforms/util.py
+++ b/django/newforms/util.py
@@ -1,13 +1,22 @@
-# Default encoding for input byte strings.
-DEFAULT_ENCODING = 'utf-8' # TODO: First look at django.conf.settings, then fall back to this.
+from django.conf import settings
 
 def smart_unicode(s):
     if not isinstance(s, basestring):
         s = unicode(str(s))
     elif not isinstance(s, unicode):
-        s = unicode(s, DEFAULT_ENCODING)
+        s = unicode(s, settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)
     return s
 
+class StrAndUnicode(object):
+    """
+    A class whose __str__ returns its __unicode__ as a bytestring
+    according to settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET.
+
+    Useful as a mix-in.
+    """
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.__unicode__().encode(settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)
+
 class ErrorDict(dict):
     """
     A collection of errors that knows how to display itself in various formats.
diff --git a/django/newforms/widgets.py b/django/newforms/widgets.py
index 318c76e55d..ba11f35008 100644
--- a/django/newforms/widgets.py
+++ b/django/newforms/widgets.py
@@ -5,10 +5,11 @@ HTML Widget classes
 __all__ = (
     'Widget', 'TextInput', 'PasswordInput', 'HiddenInput', 'FileInput',
     'Textarea', 'CheckboxInput',
-    'Select', 'SelectMultiple', 'RadioSelect',
+    'Select', 'SelectMultiple', 'RadioSelect', 'CheckboxSelectMultiple',
 )
 
-from util import smart_unicode
+from util import StrAndUnicode, smart_unicode
+from django.utils.datastructures import MultiValueDict
 from django.utils.html import escape
 from itertools import chain
 
@@ -23,6 +24,8 @@ flatatt = lambda attrs: u''.join([u' %s="%s"' % (k, escape(v)) for k, v in attrs
 
 class Widget(object):
     requires_data_list = False # Determines whether render()'s 'value' argument should be a list.
+    is_hidden = False          # Determines whether this corresponds to an <input type="hidden">.
+
     def __init__(self, attrs=None):
         self.attrs = attrs or {}
 
@@ -30,17 +33,39 @@ class Widget(object):
         raise NotImplementedError
 
     def build_attrs(self, extra_attrs=None, **kwargs):
+        "Helper function for building an attribute dictionary."
         attrs = dict(self.attrs, **kwargs)
         if extra_attrs:
             attrs.update(extra_attrs)
         return attrs
 
+    def value_from_datadict(self, data, name):
+        """
+        Given a dictionary of data and this widget's name, returns the value
+        of this widget. Returns None if it's not provided.
+        """
+        return data.get(name, None)
+
+    def id_for_label(self, id_):
+        """
+        Returns the HTML ID attribute of this Widget for use by a <label>,
+        given the ID of the field. Returns None if no ID is available.
+
+        This hook is necessary because some widgets have multiple HTML
+        elements and, thus, multiple IDs. In that case, this method should
+        return an ID value that corresponds to the first ID in the widget's
+        tags.
+        """
+        return id_
+    id_for_label = classmethod(id_for_label)
+
 class Input(Widget):
     """
     Base class for all <input> widgets (except type='checkbox' and
     type='radio', which are special).
     """
     input_type = None # Subclasses must define this.
+
     def render(self, name, value, attrs=None):
         if value is None: value = ''
         final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, type=self.input_type, name=name)
@@ -55,6 +80,7 @@ class PasswordInput(Input):
 
 class HiddenInput(Input):
     input_type = 'hidden'
+    is_hidden = True
 
 class FileInput(Input):
     input_type = 'file'
@@ -67,9 +93,22 @@ class Textarea(Widget):
         return u'<textarea%s>%s</textarea>' % (flatatt(final_attrs), escape(value))
 
 class CheckboxInput(Widget):
+    def __init__(self, attrs=None, check_test=bool):
+        # check_test is a callable that takes a value and returns True
+        # if the checkbox should be checked for that value.
+        self.attrs = attrs or {}
+        self.check_test = check_test
+
     def render(self, name, value, attrs=None):
         final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, type='checkbox', name=name)
-        if value: final_attrs['checked'] = 'checked'
+        try:
+            result = self.check_test(value)
+        except: # Silently catch exceptions
+            result = False
+        if result:
+            final_attrs['checked'] = 'checked'
+        if value not in ('', True, False, None):
+            final_attrs['value'] = smart_unicode(value) # Only add the 'value' attribute if a value is non-empty.
         return u'<input%s />' % flatatt(final_attrs)
 
 class Select(Widget):
@@ -109,36 +148,44 @@ class SelectMultiple(Widget):
         output.append(u'</select>')
         return u'\n'.join(output)
 
-class RadioInput(object):
+    def value_from_datadict(self, data, name):
+        if isinstance(data, MultiValueDict):
+            return data.getlist(name)
+        return data.get(name, None)
+
+class RadioInput(StrAndUnicode):
     "An object used by RadioFieldRenderer that represents a single <input type='radio'>."
-    def __init__(self, name, value, attrs, choice):
+    def __init__(self, name, value, attrs, choice, index):
         self.name, self.value = name, value
-        self.attrs = attrs or {}
+        self.attrs = attrs
         self.choice_value, self.choice_label = choice
+        self.index = index
 
-    def __str__(self):
+    def __unicode__(self):
         return u'<label>%s %s</label>' % (self.tag(), self.choice_label)
 
     def is_checked(self):
         return self.value == smart_unicode(self.choice_value)
 
     def tag(self):
+        if self.attrs.has_key('id'):
+            self.attrs['id'] = '%s_%s' % (self.attrs['id'], self.index)
         final_attrs = dict(self.attrs, type='radio', name=self.name, value=self.choice_value)
         if self.is_checked():
             final_attrs['checked'] = 'checked'
         return u'<input%s />' % flatatt(final_attrs)
 
-class RadioFieldRenderer(object):
+class RadioFieldRenderer(StrAndUnicode):
     "An object used by RadioSelect to enable customization of radio widgets."
     def __init__(self, name, value, attrs, choices):
         self.name, self.value, self.attrs = name, value, attrs
         self.choices = choices
 
     def __iter__(self):
-        for choice in self.choices:
-            yield RadioInput(self.name, self.value, self.attrs, choice)
+        for i, choice in enumerate(self.choices):
+            yield RadioInput(self.name, self.value, self.attrs.copy(), choice, i)
 
-    def __str__(self):
+    def __unicode__(self):
         "Outputs a <ul> for this set of radio fields."
         return u'<ul>\n%s\n</ul>' % u'\n'.join([u'<li>%s</li>' % w for w in self])
 
@@ -147,7 +194,36 @@ class RadioSelect(Select):
         "Returns a RadioFieldRenderer instance rather than a Unicode string."
         if value is None: value = ''
         str_value = smart_unicode(value) # Normalize to string.
+        attrs = attrs or {}
         return RadioFieldRenderer(name, str_value, attrs, list(chain(self.choices, choices)))
 
-class CheckboxSelectMultiple(Widget):
-    pass
+    def id_for_label(self, id_):
+        # RadioSelect is represented by multiple <input type="radio"> fields,
+        # each of which has a distinct ID. The IDs are made distinct by a "_X"
+        # suffix, where X is the zero-based index of the radio field. Thus,
+        # the label for a RadioSelect should reference the first one ('_0').
+        if id_:
+            id_ += '_0'
+        return id_
+    id_for_label = classmethod(id_for_label)
+
+class CheckboxSelectMultiple(SelectMultiple):
+    def render(self, name, value, attrs=None, choices=()):
+        if value is None: value = []
+        final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, name=name)
+        output = [u'<ul>']
+        str_values = set([smart_unicode(v) for v in value]) # Normalize to strings.
+        cb = CheckboxInput(final_attrs, check_test=lambda value: value in str_values)
+        for option_value, option_label in chain(self.choices, choices):
+            option_value = smart_unicode(option_value)
+            rendered_cb = cb.render(name, option_value)
+            output.append(u'<li><label>%s %s</label></li>' % (rendered_cb, escape(smart_unicode(option_label))))
+        output.append(u'</ul>')
+        return u'\n'.join(output)
+
+    def id_for_label(self, id_):
+        # See the comment for RadioSelect.id_for_label()
+        if id_:
+            id_ += '_0'
+        return id_
+    id_for_label = classmethod(id_for_label)
diff --git a/django/oldforms/__init__.py b/django/oldforms/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0b9ac05edb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/django/oldforms/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,1008 @@
+from django.core import validators
+from django.core.exceptions import PermissionDenied
+from django.utils.html import escape
+from django.conf import settings
+from django.utils.translation import gettext, ngettext
+
+FORM_FIELD_ID_PREFIX = 'id_'
+
+class EmptyValue(Exception):
+    "This is raised when empty data is provided"
+    pass
+
+class Manipulator(object):
+    # List of permission strings. User must have at least one to manipulate.
+    # None means everybody has permission.
+    required_permission = ''
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        # List of FormField objects
+        self.fields = []
+
+    def __getitem__(self, field_name):
+        "Looks up field by field name; raises KeyError on failure"
+        for field in self.fields:
+            if field.field_name == field_name:
+                return field
+        raise KeyError, "Field %s not found\n%s" % (field_name, repr(self.fields))
+
+    def __delitem__(self, field_name):
+        "Deletes the field with the given field name; raises KeyError on failure"
+        for i, field in enumerate(self.fields):
+            if field.field_name == field_name:
+                del self.fields[i]
+                return
+        raise KeyError, "Field %s not found" % field_name
+
+    def check_permissions(self, user):
+        """Confirms user has required permissions to use this manipulator; raises
+        PermissionDenied on failure."""
+        if self.required_permission is None:
+            return
+        if user.has_perm(self.required_permission):
+            return
+        raise PermissionDenied
+
+    def prepare(self, new_data):
+        """
+        Makes any necessary preparations to new_data, in place, before data has
+        been validated.
+        """
+        for field in self.fields:
+            field.prepare(new_data)
+
+    def get_validation_errors(self, new_data):
+        "Returns dictionary mapping field_names to error-message lists"
+        errors = {}
+        self.prepare(new_data)
+        for field in self.fields:
+            errors.update(field.get_validation_errors(new_data))
+            val_name = 'validate_%s' % field.field_name
+            if hasattr(self, val_name):
+                val = getattr(self, val_name)
+                try:
+                    field.run_validator(new_data, val)
+                except (validators.ValidationError, validators.CriticalValidationError), e:
+                    errors.setdefault(field.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
+
+#            if field.is_required and not new_data.get(field.field_name, False):
+#                errors.setdefault(field.field_name, []).append(gettext_lazy('This field is required.'))
+#                continue
+#            try:
+#                validator_list = field.validator_list
+#                if hasattr(self, 'validate_%s' % field.field_name):
+#                    validator_list.append(getattr(self, 'validate_%s' % field.field_name))
+#                for validator in validator_list:
+#                    if field.is_required or new_data.get(field.field_name, False) or hasattr(validator, 'always_test'):
+#                        try:
+#                            if hasattr(field, 'requires_data_list'):
+#                                validator(new_data.getlist(field.field_name), new_data)
+#                            else:
+#                                validator(new_data.get(field.field_name, ''), new_data)
+#                        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+#                            errors.setdefault(field.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
+#            # If a CriticalValidationError is raised, ignore any other ValidationErrors
+#            # for this particular field
+#            except validators.CriticalValidationError, e:
+#                errors.setdefault(field.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
+        return errors
+
+    def save(self, new_data):
+        "Saves the changes and returns the new object"
+        # changes is a dictionary-like object keyed by field_name
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def do_html2python(self, new_data):
+        """
+        Convert the data from HTML data types to Python datatypes, changing the
+        object in place. This happens after validation but before storage. This
+        must happen after validation because html2python functions aren't
+        expected to deal with invalid input.
+        """
+        for field in self.fields:
+            field.convert_post_data(new_data)
+
+class FormWrapper(object):
+    """
+    A wrapper linking a Manipulator to the template system.
+    This allows dictionary-style lookups of formfields. It also handles feeding
+    prepopulated data and validation error messages to the formfield objects.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, manipulator, data=None, error_dict=None, edit_inline=True):
+        self.manipulator = manipulator
+        if data is None:
+            data = {}
+        if error_dict is None:
+            error_dict = {}
+        self.data = data
+        self.error_dict = error_dict
+        self._inline_collections = None
+        self.edit_inline = edit_inline
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return repr(self.__dict__)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, key):
+        for field in self.manipulator.fields:
+            if field.field_name == key:
+                data = field.extract_data(self.data)
+                return FormFieldWrapper(field, data, self.error_dict.get(field.field_name, []))
+        if self.edit_inline:
+            self.fill_inline_collections()
+            for inline_collection in self._inline_collections:
+                if inline_collection.name == key:
+                    return inline_collection
+        raise KeyError, "Could not find Formfield or InlineObjectCollection named %r" % key
+
+    def fill_inline_collections(self):
+        if not self._inline_collections:
+            ic = []
+            related_objects = self.manipulator.get_related_objects()
+            for rel_obj in related_objects:
+                data = rel_obj.extract_data(self.data)
+                inline_collection = InlineObjectCollection(self.manipulator, rel_obj, data, self.error_dict)
+                ic.append(inline_collection)
+            self._inline_collections = ic
+
+    def has_errors(self):
+        return self.error_dict != {}
+
+    def _get_fields(self):
+        try:
+            return self._fields
+        except AttributeError:
+            self._fields = [self.__getitem__(field.field_name) for field in self.manipulator.fields]
+            return self._fields
+
+    fields = property(_get_fields)
+
+class FormFieldWrapper(object):
+    "A bridge between the template system and an individual form field. Used by FormWrapper."
+    def __init__(self, formfield, data, error_list):
+        self.formfield, self.data, self.error_list = formfield, data, error_list
+        self.field_name = self.formfield.field_name # for convenience in templates
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        "Renders the field"
+        return str(self.formfield.render(self.data))
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return '<FormFieldWrapper for "%s">' % self.formfield.field_name
+
+    def field_list(self):
+        """
+        Like __str__(), but returns a list. Use this when the field's render()
+        method returns a list.
+        """
+        return self.formfield.render(self.data)
+
+    def errors(self):
+        return self.error_list
+
+    def html_error_list(self):
+        if self.errors():
+            return '<ul class="errorlist"><li>%s</li></ul>' % '</li><li>'.join([escape(e) for e in self.errors()])
+        else:
+            return ''
+
+    def get_id(self):
+        return self.formfield.get_id()
+
+class FormFieldCollection(FormFieldWrapper):
+    "A utility class that gives the template access to a dict of FormFieldWrappers"
+    def __init__(self, formfield_dict):
+        self.formfield_dict = formfield_dict
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self.formfield_dict)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, template_key):
+        "Look up field by template key; raise KeyError on failure"
+        return self.formfield_dict[template_key]
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<FormFieldCollection: %s>" % self.formfield_dict
+
+    def errors(self):
+        "Returns list of all errors in this collection's formfields"
+        errors = []
+        for field in self.formfield_dict.values():
+            if hasattr(field, 'errors'):
+                errors.extend(field.errors())
+        return errors
+
+    def has_errors(self):
+        return bool(len(self.errors()))
+
+    def html_combined_error_list(self):
+        return ''.join([field.html_error_list() for field in self.formfield_dict.values() if hasattr(field, 'errors')])
+
+class InlineObjectCollection(object):
+    "An object that acts like a sparse list of form field collections."
+    def __init__(self, parent_manipulator, rel_obj, data, errors):
+        self.parent_manipulator = parent_manipulator
+        self.rel_obj = rel_obj
+        self.data = data
+        self.errors = errors
+        self._collections = None
+        self.name = rel_obj.name
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        self.fill()
+        return self._collections.__len__()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, k):
+        self.fill()
+        return self._collections.__getitem__(k)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, k, v):
+        self.fill()
+        return self._collections.__setitem__(k,v)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, k):
+        self.fill()
+        return self._collections.__delitem__(k)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        self.fill()
+        return iter(self._collections.values())
+
+    def items(self):
+        self.fill()
+        return self._collections.items()
+
+    def fill(self):
+        if self._collections:
+            return
+        else:
+            var_name = self.rel_obj.opts.object_name.lower()
+            collections = {}
+            orig = None
+            if hasattr(self.parent_manipulator, 'original_object'):
+                orig = self.parent_manipulator.original_object
+            orig_list = self.rel_obj.get_list(orig)
+
+            for i, instance in enumerate(orig_list):
+                collection = {'original': instance}
+                for f in self.rel_obj.editable_fields():
+                    for field_name in f.get_manipulator_field_names(''):
+                        full_field_name = '%s.%d.%s' % (var_name, i, field_name)
+                        field = self.parent_manipulator[full_field_name]
+                        data = field.extract_data(self.data)
+                        errors = self.errors.get(full_field_name, [])
+                        collection[field_name] = FormFieldWrapper(field, data, errors)
+                collections[i] = FormFieldCollection(collection)
+            self._collections = collections
+
+
+class FormField(object):
+    """Abstract class representing a form field.
+
+    Classes that extend FormField should define the following attributes:
+        field_name
+            The field's name for use by programs.
+        validator_list
+            A list of validation tests (callback functions) that the data for
+            this field must pass in order to be added or changed.
+        is_required
+            A Boolean. Is it a required field?
+    Subclasses should also implement a render(data) method, which is responsible
+    for rending the form field in XHTML.
+    """
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.render('')
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return 'FormField "%s"' % self.field_name
+
+    def prepare(self, new_data):
+        "Hook for doing something to new_data (in place) before validation."
+        pass
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        "Hook for converting an HTML datatype (e.g. 'on' for checkboxes) to a Python type"
+        return data
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def get_member_name(self):
+        if hasattr(self, 'member_name'):
+            return self.member_name
+        else:
+            return self.field_name
+
+    def extract_data(self, data_dict):
+        if hasattr(self, 'requires_data_list') and hasattr(data_dict, 'getlist'):
+            data = data_dict.getlist(self.get_member_name())
+        else:
+            data = data_dict.get(self.get_member_name(), None)
+        if data is None:
+            data = ''
+        return data
+
+    def convert_post_data(self, new_data):
+        name = self.get_member_name()
+        if new_data.has_key(self.field_name):
+            d = new_data.getlist(self.field_name)
+            try:
+                converted_data = [self.__class__.html2python(data) for data in d]
+            except ValueError:
+                converted_data = d
+            new_data.setlist(name, converted_data)
+        else:
+            try:
+                #individual fields deal with None values themselves
+                new_data.setlist(name, [self.__class__.html2python(None)])
+            except EmptyValue:
+                new_data.setlist(name, [])
+
+
+    def run_validator(self, new_data, validator):
+        if self.is_required or new_data.get(self.field_name, False) or hasattr(validator, 'always_test'):
+            if hasattr(self, 'requires_data_list'):
+                validator(new_data.getlist(self.field_name), new_data)
+            else:
+                validator(new_data.get(self.field_name, ''), new_data)
+
+    def get_validation_errors(self, new_data):
+        errors = {}
+        if self.is_required and not new_data.get(self.field_name, False):
+            errors.setdefault(self.field_name, []).append(gettext('This field is required.'))
+            return errors
+        try:
+            for validator in self.validator_list:
+                try:
+                    self.run_validator(new_data, validator)
+                except validators.ValidationError, e:
+                    errors.setdefault(self.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
+        # If a CriticalValidationError is raised, ignore any other ValidationErrors
+        # for this particular field
+        except validators.CriticalValidationError, e:
+            errors.setdefault(self.field_name, []).extend(e.messages)
+        return errors
+
+    def get_id(self):
+        "Returns the HTML 'id' attribute for this form field."
+        return FORM_FIELD_ID_PREFIX + self.field_name
+
+####################
+# GENERIC WIDGETS  #
+####################
+
+class TextField(FormField):
+    input_type = "text"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=30, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None, member_name=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.field_name = field_name
+        self.length, self.maxlength = length, maxlength
+        self.is_required = is_required
+        self.validator_list = [self.isValidLength, self.hasNoNewlines] + validator_list
+        if member_name != None:
+            self.member_name = member_name
+
+    def isValidLength(self, data, form):
+        if data and self.maxlength and len(data.decode(settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)) > self.maxlength:
+            raise validators.ValidationError, ngettext("Ensure your text is less than %s character.",
+                "Ensure your text is less than %s characters.", self.maxlength) % self.maxlength
+
+    def hasNoNewlines(self, data, form):
+        if data and '\n' in data:
+            raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("Line breaks are not allowed here.")
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        if data is None:
+            data = ''
+        maxlength = ''
+        if self.maxlength:
+            maxlength = 'maxlength="%s" ' % self.maxlength
+        if isinstance(data, unicode):
+            data = data.encode(settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)
+        return '<input type="%s" id="%s" class="v%s%s" name="%s" size="%s" value="%s" %s/>' % \
+            (self.input_type, self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__, self.is_required and ' required' or '',
+            self.field_name, self.length, escape(data), maxlength)
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        return data
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class PasswordField(TextField):
+    input_type = "password"
+
+class LargeTextField(TextField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, rows=10, cols=40, is_required=False, validator_list=None, maxlength=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.field_name = field_name
+        self.rows, self.cols, self.is_required = rows, cols, is_required
+        self.validator_list = validator_list[:]
+        if maxlength:
+            self.validator_list.append(self.isValidLength)
+            self.maxlength = maxlength
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        if data is None:
+            data = ''
+        if isinstance(data, unicode):
+            data = data.encode(settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)
+        return '<textarea id="%s" class="v%s%s" name="%s" rows="%s" cols="%s">%s</textarea>' % \
+            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__, self.is_required and ' required' or '',
+            self.field_name, self.rows, self.cols, escape(data))
+
+class HiddenField(FormField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.field_name, self.is_required = field_name, is_required
+        self.validator_list = validator_list[:]
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        return '<input type="hidden" id="%s" name="%s" value="%s" />' % \
+            (self.get_id(), self.field_name, escape(data))
+
+class CheckboxField(FormField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, checked_by_default=False, validator_list=None, is_required=False):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.field_name = field_name
+        self.checked_by_default = checked_by_default
+        self.is_required = is_required
+        self.validator_list = validator_list[:]
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        checked_html = ''
+        if data or (data is '' and self.checked_by_default):
+            checked_html = ' checked="checked"'
+        return '<input type="checkbox" id="%s" class="v%s" name="%s"%s />' % \
+            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__,
+            self.field_name, checked_html)
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        "Convert value from browser ('on' or '') to a Python boolean"
+        if data == 'on':
+            return True
+        return False
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class SelectField(FormField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, choices=None, size=1, is_required=False, validator_list=None, member_name=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        if choices is None: choices = []
+        self.field_name = field_name
+        # choices is a list of (value, human-readable key) tuples because order matters
+        self.choices, self.size, self.is_required = choices, size, is_required
+        self.validator_list = [self.isValidChoice] + validator_list
+        if member_name != None:
+            self.member_name = member_name
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        output = ['<select id="%s" class="v%s%s" name="%s" size="%s">' % \
+            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__,
+             self.is_required and ' required' or '', self.field_name, self.size)]
+        str_data = str(data) # normalize to string
+        for value, display_name in self.choices:
+            selected_html = ''
+            if str(value) == str_data:
+                selected_html = ' selected="selected"'
+            output.append('    <option value="%s"%s>%s</option>' % (escape(value), selected_html, escape(display_name)))
+        output.append('  </select>')
+        return '\n'.join(output)
+
+    def isValidChoice(self, data, form):
+        str_data = str(data)
+        str_choices = [str(item[0]) for item in self.choices]
+        if str_data not in str_choices:
+            raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("Select a valid choice; '%(data)s' is not in %(choices)s.") % {'data': str_data, 'choices': str_choices}
+
+class NullSelectField(SelectField):
+    "This SelectField converts blank fields to None"
+    def html2python(data):
+        if not data:
+            return None
+        return data
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class RadioSelectField(FormField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, choices=None, ul_class='', is_required=False, validator_list=None, member_name=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        if choices is None: choices = []
+        self.field_name = field_name
+        # choices is a list of (value, human-readable key) tuples because order matters
+        self.choices, self.is_required = choices, is_required
+        self.validator_list = [self.isValidChoice] + validator_list
+        self.ul_class = ul_class
+        if member_name != None:
+            self.member_name = member_name
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        """
+        Returns a special object, RadioFieldRenderer, that is iterable *and*
+        has a default str() rendered output.
+
+        This allows for flexible use in templates. You can just use the default
+        rendering:
+
+            {{ field_name }}
+
+        ...which will output the radio buttons in an unordered list.
+        Or, you can manually traverse each radio option for special layout:
+
+            {% for option in field_name.field_list %}
+                {{ option.field }} {{ option.label }}<br />
+            {% endfor %}
+        """
+        class RadioFieldRenderer:
+            def __init__(self, datalist, ul_class):
+                self.datalist, self.ul_class = datalist, ul_class
+            def __str__(self):
+                "Default str() output for this radio field -- a <ul>"
+                output = ['<ul%s>' % (self.ul_class and ' class="%s"' % self.ul_class or '')]
+                output.extend(['<li>%s %s</li>' % (d['field'], d['label']) for d in self.datalist])
+                output.append('</ul>')
+                return ''.join(output)
+            def __iter__(self):
+                for d in self.datalist:
+                    yield d
+            def __len__(self):
+                return len(self.datalist)
+        datalist = []
+        str_data = str(data) # normalize to string
+        for i, (value, display_name) in enumerate(self.choices):
+            selected_html = ''
+            if str(value) == str_data:
+                selected_html = ' checked="checked"'
+            datalist.append({
+                'value': value,
+                'name': display_name,
+                'field': '<input type="radio" id="%s" name="%s" value="%s"%s/>' % \
+                    (self.get_id() + '_' + str(i), self.field_name, value, selected_html),
+                'label': '<label for="%s">%s</label>' % \
+                    (self.get_id() + '_' + str(i), display_name),
+            })
+        return RadioFieldRenderer(datalist, self.ul_class)
+
+    def isValidChoice(self, data, form):
+        str_data = str(data)
+        str_choices = [str(item[0]) for item in self.choices]
+        if str_data not in str_choices:
+            raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("Select a valid choice; '%(data)s' is not in %(choices)s.") % {'data':str_data, 'choices':str_choices}
+
+class NullBooleanField(SelectField):
+    "This SelectField provides 'Yes', 'No' and 'Unknown', mapping results to True, False or None"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        SelectField.__init__(self, field_name, choices=[('1', 'Unknown'), ('2', 'Yes'), ('3', 'No')],
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        if data is None: data = '1'
+        elif data == True: data = '2'
+        elif data == False: data = '3'
+        return SelectField.render(self, data)
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        return {None: None, '1': None, '2': True, '3': False}[data]
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class SelectMultipleField(SelectField):
+    requires_data_list = True
+    def render(self, data):
+        output = ['<select id="%s" class="v%s%s" name="%s" size="%s" multiple="multiple">' % \
+            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__, self.is_required and ' required' or '',
+            self.field_name, self.size)]
+        str_data_list = map(str, data) # normalize to strings
+        for value, choice in self.choices:
+            selected_html = ''
+            if str(value) in str_data_list:
+                selected_html = ' selected="selected"'
+            output.append('    <option value="%s"%s>%s</option>' % (escape(value), selected_html, escape(choice)))
+        output.append('  </select>')
+        return '\n'.join(output)
+
+    def isValidChoice(self, field_data, all_data):
+        # data is something like ['1', '2', '3']
+        str_choices = [str(item[0]) for item in self.choices]
+        for val in map(str, field_data):
+            if val not in str_choices:
+                raise validators.ValidationError, gettext("Select a valid choice; '%(data)s' is not in %(choices)s.") % {'data':val, 'choices':str_choices}
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        if data is None:
+            raise EmptyValue
+        return data
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class CheckboxSelectMultipleField(SelectMultipleField):
+    """
+    This has an identical interface to SelectMultipleField, except the rendered
+    widget is different. Instead of a <select multiple>, this widget outputs a
+    <ul> of <input type="checkbox">es.
+
+    Of course, that results in multiple form elements for the same "single"
+    field, so this class's prepare() method flattens the split data elements
+    back into the single list that validators, renderers and save() expect.
+    """
+    requires_data_list = True
+    def __init__(self, field_name, choices=None, ul_class='', validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        if choices is None: choices = []
+        self.ul_class = ul_class
+        SelectMultipleField.__init__(self, field_name, choices, size=1, is_required=False, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def prepare(self, new_data):
+        # new_data has "split" this field into several fields, so flatten it
+        # back into a single list.
+        data_list = []
+        for value, readable_value in self.choices:
+            if new_data.get('%s%s' % (self.field_name, value), '') == 'on':
+                data_list.append(value)
+        new_data.setlist(self.field_name, data_list)
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        output = ['<ul%s>' % (self.ul_class and ' class="%s"' % self.ul_class or '')]
+        str_data_list = map(str, data) # normalize to strings
+        for value, choice in self.choices:
+            checked_html = ''
+            if str(value) in str_data_list:
+                checked_html = ' checked="checked"'
+            field_name = '%s%s' % (self.field_name, value)
+            output.append('<li><input type="checkbox" id="%s" class="v%s" name="%s"%s value="on" /> <label for="%s">%s</label></li>' % \
+                (self.get_id() + escape(value), self.__class__.__name__, field_name, checked_html,
+                self.get_id() + escape(value), choice))
+        output.append('</ul>')
+        return '\n'.join(output)
+
+####################
+# FILE UPLOADS     #
+####################
+
+class FileUploadField(FormField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.field_name, self.is_required = field_name, is_required
+        self.validator_list = [self.isNonEmptyFile] + validator_list
+
+    def isNonEmptyFile(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            content = field_data['content']
+        except TypeError:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("No file was submitted. Check the encoding type on the form.")
+        if not content:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("The submitted file is empty.")
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        return '<input type="file" id="%s" class="v%s" name="%s" />' % \
+            (self.get_id(), self.__class__.__name__, self.field_name)
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        if data is None:
+            raise EmptyValue
+        return data
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class ImageUploadField(FileUploadField):
+    "A FileUploadField that raises CriticalValidationError if the uploaded file isn't an image."
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        FileUploadField.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
+        self.validator_list.insert(0, self.isValidImage)
+
+    def isValidImage(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidImage(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+####################
+# INTEGERS/FLOATS  #
+####################
+
+class IntegerField(TextField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=10, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None, member_name=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isInteger] + validator_list
+        if member_name is not None:
+            self.member_name = member_name
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength, is_required, validator_list)
+
+    def isInteger(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isInteger(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        if data == '' or data is None:
+            return None
+        return int(data)
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class SmallIntegerField(IntegerField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=5, maxlength=5, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isSmallInteger] + validator_list
+        IntegerField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength, is_required, validator_list)
+
+    def isSmallInteger(self, field_data, all_data):
+        if not -32768 <= int(field_data) <= 32767:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("Enter a whole number between -32,768 and 32,767.")
+
+class PositiveIntegerField(IntegerField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=10, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isPositive] + validator_list
+        IntegerField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength, is_required, validator_list)
+
+    def isPositive(self, field_data, all_data):
+        if int(field_data) < 0:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("Enter a positive number.")
+
+class PositiveSmallIntegerField(IntegerField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=5, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isPositiveSmall] + validator_list
+        IntegerField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength, is_required, validator_list)
+
+    def isPositiveSmall(self, field_data, all_data):
+        if not 0 <= int(field_data) <= 32767:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, gettext("Enter a whole number between 0 and 32,767.")
+
+class FloatField(TextField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, max_digits, decimal_places, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.max_digits, self.decimal_places = max_digits, decimal_places
+        validator_list = [self.isValidFloat] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, max_digits+2, max_digits+2, is_required, validator_list)
+
+    def isValidFloat(self, field_data, all_data):
+        v = validators.IsValidFloat(self.max_digits, self.decimal_places)
+        try:
+            v(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        if data == '' or data is None:
+            return None
+        return float(data)
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+####################
+# DATES AND TIMES  #
+####################
+
+class DatetimeField(TextField):
+    """A FormField that automatically converts its data to a datetime.datetime object.
+    The data should be in the format YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS."""
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=30, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        self.field_name = field_name
+        self.length, self.maxlength = length, maxlength
+        self.is_required = is_required
+        self.validator_list = [validators.isValidANSIDatetime] + validator_list
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        "Converts the field into a datetime.datetime object"
+        import datetime
+        try:
+            date, time = data.split()
+            y, m, d = date.split('-')
+            timebits = time.split(':')
+            h, mn = timebits[:2]
+            if len(timebits) > 2:
+                s = int(timebits[2])
+            else:
+                s = 0
+            return datetime.datetime(int(y), int(m), int(d), int(h), int(mn), s)
+        except ValueError:
+            return None
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class DateField(TextField):
+    """A FormField that automatically converts its data to a datetime.date object.
+    The data should be in the format YYYY-MM-DD."""
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidDate] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=10, maxlength=10,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidDate(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidANSIDate(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        "Converts the field into a datetime.date object"
+        import time, datetime
+        try:
+            time_tuple = time.strptime(data, '%Y-%m-%d')
+            return datetime.date(*time_tuple[0:3])
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            return None
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class TimeField(TextField):
+    """A FormField that automatically converts its data to a datetime.time object.
+    The data should be in the format HH:MM:SS or HH:MM:SS.mmmmmm."""
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidTime] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=8, maxlength=8,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidTime(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidANSITime(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        "Converts the field into a datetime.time object"
+        import time, datetime
+        try:
+            part_list = data.split('.')
+            try:
+                time_tuple = time.strptime(part_list[0], '%H:%M:%S')
+            except ValueError: # seconds weren't provided
+                time_tuple = time.strptime(part_list[0], '%H:%M')
+            t = datetime.time(*time_tuple[3:6])
+            if (len(part_list) == 2):
+                t = t.replace(microsecond=int(part_list[1]))
+            return t
+        except (ValueError, TypeError, AttributeError):
+            return None
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+####################
+# INTERNET-RELATED #
+####################
+
+class EmailField(TextField):
+    "A convenience FormField for validating e-mail addresses"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=50, maxlength=75, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidEmail] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length, maxlength=maxlength,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidEmail(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidEmail(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+class URLField(TextField):
+    "A convenience FormField for validating URLs"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=50, maxlength=200, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidURL] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=length, maxlength=maxlength,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidURL(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidURL(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+class IPAddressField(TextField):
+    def __init__(self, field_name, length=15, maxlength=15, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidIPAddress] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=length, maxlength=maxlength,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidIPAddress(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidIPAddress4(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        return data or None
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+####################
+# MISCELLANEOUS    #
+####################
+
+class FilePathField(SelectField):
+    "A SelectField whose choices are the files in a given directory."
+    def __init__(self, field_name, path, match=None, recursive=False, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        import os
+        from django.db.models import BLANK_CHOICE_DASH
+        if match is not None:
+            import re
+            match_re = re.compile(match)
+        choices = not is_required and BLANK_CHOICE_DASH[:] or []
+        if recursive:
+            for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
+                for f in files:
+                    if match is None or match_re.search(f):
+                        choices.append((os.path.join(root, f), f))
+        else:
+            try:
+                for f in os.listdir(path):
+                    full_file = os.path.join(path, f)
+                    if os.path.isfile(full_file) and (match is None or match_re.search(f)):
+                        choices.append((full_file, f))
+            except OSError:
+                pass
+        SelectField.__init__(self, field_name, choices, 1, is_required, validator_list)
+
+class PhoneNumberField(TextField):
+    "A convenience FormField for validating phone numbers (e.g. '630-555-1234')"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidPhone] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=12, maxlength=12,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidPhone(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidPhone(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+class USStateField(TextField):
+    "A convenience FormField for validating U.S. states (e.g. 'IL')"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isValidUSState] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=2, maxlength=2,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isValidUSState(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isValidUSState(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def html2python(data):
+        return data.upper() # Should always be stored in upper case
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class CommaSeparatedIntegerField(TextField):
+    "A convenience FormField for validating comma-separated integer fields"
+    def __init__(self, field_name, maxlength=None, is_required=False, validator_list=None):
+        if validator_list is None: validator_list = []
+        validator_list = [self.isCommaSeparatedIntegerList] + validator_list
+        TextField.__init__(self, field_name, length=20, maxlength=maxlength,
+            is_required=is_required, validator_list=validator_list)
+
+    def isCommaSeparatedIntegerList(self, field_data, all_data):
+        try:
+            validators.isCommaSeparatedIntegerList(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
+
+    def render(self, data):
+        if data is None:
+            data = ''
+        elif isinstance(data, (list, tuple)):
+            data = ','.join(data)
+        return super(CommaSeparatedIntegerField, self).render(data)
+
+class RawIdAdminField(CommaSeparatedIntegerField):
+    def html2python(data):
+        if data:
+            return data.split(',')
+        else:
+            return []
+    html2python = staticmethod(html2python)
+
+class XMLLargeTextField(LargeTextField):
+    """
+    A LargeTextField with an XML validator. The schema_path argument is the
+    full path to a Relax NG compact schema to validate against.
+    """
+    def __init__(self, field_name, schema_path, **kwargs):
+        self.schema_path = schema_path
+        kwargs.setdefault('validator_list', []).insert(0, self.isValidXML)
+        LargeTextField.__init__(self, field_name, **kwargs)
+
+    def isValidXML(self, field_data, all_data):
+        v = validators.RelaxNGCompact(self.schema_path)
+        try:
+            v(field_data, all_data)
+        except validators.ValidationError, e:
+            raise validators.CriticalValidationError, e.messages
diff --git a/django/template/__init__.py b/django/template/__init__.py
index 5affafeba9..7718801684 100644
--- a/django/template/__init__.py
+++ b/django/template/__init__.py
@@ -742,7 +742,11 @@ class VariableNode(Node):
     def encode_output(self, output):
         # Check type so that we don't run str() on a Unicode object
         if not isinstance(output, basestring):
-            return str(output)
+            try:
+                return str(output)
+            except UnicodeEncodeError:
+                # If __str__() returns a Unicode object, convert it to bytestring.
+                return unicode(output).encode(settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)
         elif isinstance(output, unicode):
             return output.encode(settings.DEFAULT_CHARSET)
         else:
diff --git a/django/views/generic/create_update.py b/django/views/generic/create_update.py
index 3a03fa59e4..28987f7544 100644
--- a/django/views/generic/create_update.py
+++ b/django/views/generic/create_update.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 from django.core.xheaders import populate_xheaders
 from django.template import loader
-from django import forms
+from django import oldforms
 from django.db.models import FileField
 from django.contrib.auth.views import redirect_to_login
 from django.template import RequestContext
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def create_object(request, model, template_name=None,
         new_data = manipulator.flatten_data()
 
     # Create the FormWrapper, template, context, response
-    form = forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
+    form = oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
     if not template_name:
         template_name = "%s/%s_form.html" % (model._meta.app_label, model._meta.object_name.lower())
     t = template_loader.get_template(template_name)
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ def update_object(request, model, object_id=None, slug=None,
         # This makes sure the form acurate represents the fields of the place.
         new_data = manipulator.flatten_data()
 
-    form = forms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
+    form = oldforms.FormWrapper(manipulator, new_data, errors)
     if not template_name:
         template_name = "%s/%s_form.html" % (model._meta.app_label, model._meta.object_name.lower())
     t = template_loader.get_template(template_name)
diff --git a/django/views/generic/list_detail.py b/django/views/generic/list_detail.py
index bd0f17c56a..1836ce4a9f 100644
--- a/django/views/generic/list_detail.py
+++ b/django/views/generic/list_detail.py
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ def object_detail(request, queryset, object_id=None, slug=None,
         context_processors=None, template_object_name='object',
         mimetype=None):
     """
-    Generic list of objects.
+    Generic detail of an object.
 
     Templates: ``<app_label>/<model_name>_detail.html``
     Context:
diff --git a/docs/add_ons.txt b/docs/add_ons.txt
index a0377700d7..58c01c4fc0 100644
--- a/docs/add_ons.txt
+++ b/docs/add_ons.txt
@@ -48,6 +48,23 @@ See the `csrf documentation`_.
 
 .. _csrf documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/csrf/
 
+formtools
+=========
+
+**New in Django development version**
+
+A set of high-level abstractions for Django forms (django.newforms).
+
+django.contrib.formtools.preview
+--------------------------------
+
+An abstraction of the following workflow:
+
+"Display an HTML form, force a preview, then do something with the submission."
+
+Full documentation for this feature does not yet exist, but you can read the
+code and docstrings in ``django/contrib/formtools/preview.py`` for a start.
+
 humanize
 ========
 
diff --git a/docs/contributing.txt b/docs/contributing.txt
index 6ff0b038a3..de9236f6c1 100644
--- a/docs/contributing.txt
+++ b/docs/contributing.txt
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ of the community, so there are many ways you can help Django's development:
       likely to be skeptical of large-scale suggestions without some code to
       back it up.
 
+    * Triage patches that have been submitted by other users. Please read
+      `Ticket triage`_ below, for details on the triage process.
+
 That's all you need to know if you'd like to join the Django development
 community. The rest of this document describes the details of how our community
 works and how it handles bugs, mailing lists, and all the other minutiae of
@@ -44,8 +47,10 @@ particular:
 
     * **Do** write complete, reproducible, specific bug reports. Include as
       much information as you possibly can, complete with code snippets, test
-      cases, etc.  A minimal example that illustrates the bug in a nice small
-      test case is the best possible bug report.
+      cases, etc. This means including a clear, concise description of the
+      problem, and a clear set of instructions for replicating the problem.
+      A minimal example that illustrates the bug in a nice small test case
+      is the best possible bug report.
 
     * **Don't** use the ticket system to ask support questions.  Use the
       `django-users`_ list, or the `#django`_ IRC channel for that.
@@ -121,6 +126,50 @@ Patch style
       it obvious that the ticket includes a patch, and it will add the ticket
       to the `list of tickets with patches`_.
 
+    * The code required to fix a problem or add a feature is an essential part
+      of a patch, but it is not the only part. A good patch should also include
+      a regression test to validate the behavior that has been fixed (and prevent
+      the problem from arising again).
+
+    * If the code associated with a patch adds a new feature, or modifies behavior
+      of an existing feature, the patch should also contain documentation.
+
+Non-trivial patches
+-------------------
+
+A "non-trivial" patch is one that is more than a simple bug fix. It's a patch
+that introduces Django functionality and makes some sort of design decision.
+
+If you provide a non-trivial patch, include evidence that alternatives have
+been discussed on `django-developers`_. If you're not sure whether your patch
+should be considered non-trivial, just ask.
+
+Ticket triage
+=============
+
+Unfortunately, not all bug reports in the `ticket tracker`_ provide all
+the `required details`_. A number of tickets have patches, but those patches
+don't meet all the requirements of a `good patch`_.
+
+One way to help out is to *triage* bugs that have been reported by other users.
+Pick an open ticket that is missing some details, and try to replicate the
+problem. Fill in the missing pieces of the report. If the ticket doesn't have
+a patch, create one.
+
+Once you've completed all the missing details on the ticket and you have a
+patch with all the required features, e-mail `django-developers`_. Indicate
+that you have triaged a ticket, and recommend a course of action for dealing
+with that ticket.
+
+At first, this may require you to be persistent. If you find that your triaged
+ticket still isn't getting attention, occasional polite requests for eyeballs
+to look at your ticket may be necessary. However, as you earn a reputation for
+quality triage work, you should find that it is easier to get the developers'
+attention.
+
+.. _required details: `Reporting bugs`_
+.. _good patch: `Patch style`_
+
 Submitting and maintaining translations
 =======================================
 
@@ -338,21 +387,63 @@ trunk more than once.
 Using branches
 --------------
 
-To test a given branch, you can simply check out the entire branch, like so::
+To use a branch, you'll need to do two things:
+
+    * Get the branch's code through Subversion.
+
+    * Point your Python ``site-packages`` directory at the branch's version of
+      the ``django`` package rather than the version you already have
+      installed.
+
+Getting the code from Subversion
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+To get the latest version of a branch's code, check it out using Subversion::
 
     svn co http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/branches/<branch>/
 
-Or, if you've got a working directory you'd like to switch to use a branch,
-you can use::
+...where ``<branch>`` is the branch's name. See the `list of branch names`_.
 
-    svn switch http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/branches/<branch>/
+Alternatively, you can automatically convert an existing directory of the
+Django source code as long as you've checked it out via Subversion. To do the
+conversion, execute this command from within your ``django`` directory::
 
-...in the root of your Django sandbox (the directory that contains ``django``,
-``docs``, and ``tests``).
+    svn switch http://code.djangoproject.com/svn/django/branches/<branch>/
 
 The advantage of using ``svn switch`` instead of ``svn co`` is that the
 ``switch`` command retains any changes you might have made to your local copy
-of the code. It attempts to merge those changes into the "switched" code.
+of the code. It attempts to merge those changes into the "switched" code. The
+disadvantage is that it may cause conflicts with your local changes if the
+"switched" code has altered the same lines of code.
+
+(Note that if you use ``svn switch``, you don't need to point Python at the new
+version, as explained in the next section.)
+
+.. _list of branch names: http://code.djangoproject.com/browser/django/branches
+
+Pointing Python at the new Django version
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Once you've retrieved the branch's code, you'll need to change your Python
+``site-packages`` directory so that it points to the branch version of the
+``django`` directory. (The ``site-packages`` directory is somewhere such as
+``/usr/lib/python2.4/site-packages`` or
+``/usr/local/lib/python2.4/site-packages`` or ``C:\Python\site-packages``.)
+
+The simplest way to do this is by renaming the old ``django`` directory to
+``django.OLD`` and moving the trunk version of the code into the directory
+and calling it ``django``.
+
+Alternatively, you can use a symlink called ``django`` that points to the
+location of the branch's ``django`` package. If you want to switch back, just
+change the symlink to point to the old code.
+
+If you're using Django 0.95 or earlier and installed it using
+``python setup.py install``, you'll have a directory called something like
+``Django-0.95-py2.4.egg`` instead of ``django``. In this case, edit the file
+``setuptools.pth`` and remove the line that references the Django ``.egg``
+file. Then copy the branch's version of the ``django`` directory into
+``site-packages``.
 
 Official releases
 =================
diff --git a/docs/forms.txt b/docs/forms.txt
index ff192a4717..6efa24d28f 100644
--- a/docs/forms.txt
+++ b/docs/forms.txt
@@ -2,15 +2,27 @@
 Forms, fields, and manipulators
 ===============================
 
+Forwards-compatibility note
+===========================
+
+The legacy forms/manipulators system described in this document is going to be
+replaced in the next Django release. If you're starting from scratch, we
+strongly encourage you not to waste your time learning this. Instead, learn and
+use the django.newforms system, which we have begun to document in the
+`newforms documentation`_.
+
+If you have legacy form/manipulator code, read the "Migration plan" section in
+that document to understand how we're making the switch.
+
+.. _newforms documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/newforms/
+
+Introduction
+============
+
 Once you've got a chance to play with Django's admin interface, you'll probably
 wonder if the fantastic form validation framework it uses is available to user
 code. It is, and this document explains how the framework works.
 
-    .. admonition:: A note to the lazy
-
-        If all you want to do is present forms for a user to create and/or
-        update a given object, you may be able to use `generic views`_.
-
 We'll take a top-down approach to examining Django's form validation framework,
 because much of the time you won't need to use the lower-level APIs. Throughout
 this document, we'll be working with the following model, a "place" object::
@@ -41,17 +53,17 @@ this document, we'll be working with the following model, a "place" object::
 Defining the above class is enough to create an admin interface to a ``Place``,
 but what if you want to allow public users to submit places?
 
-Manipulators
-============
+Automatic Manipulators
+======================
 
 The highest-level interface for object creation and modification is the
-**Manipulator** framework. A manipulator is a utility class tied to a given
-model that "knows" how to create or modify instances of that model and how to
-validate data for the object. Manipulators come in two flavors:
-``AddManipulators`` and ``ChangeManipulators``. Functionally they are quite
-similar, but the former knows how to create new instances of the model, while
-the latter modifies existing instances. Both types of classes are automatically
-created when you define a new class::
+**automatic Manipulator** framework. An automatic manipulator is a utility
+class tied to a given model that "knows" how to create or modify instances of
+that model and how to validate data for the object. Automatic Manipulators come
+in two flavors: ``AddManipulators`` and ``ChangeManipulators``. Functionally
+they are quite similar, but the former knows how to create new instances of the
+model, while the latter modifies existing instances. Both types of classes are
+automatically created when you define a new class::
 
     >>> from mysite.myapp.models import Place
     >>> Place.AddManipulator
diff --git a/docs/generic_views.txt b/docs/generic_views.txt
index 1736770a20..25635f35d8 100644
--- a/docs/generic_views.txt
+++ b/docs/generic_views.txt
@@ -902,7 +902,7 @@ If ``template_name`` isn't specified, this view will use the template
 
 In addition to ``extra_context``, the template's context will be:
 
-    * ``form``: A ``django.forms.FormWrapper`` instance representing the form
+    * ``form``: A ``django.oldforms.FormWrapper`` instance representing the form
       for editing the object. This lets you refer to form fields easily in the
       template system.
 
@@ -984,7 +984,7 @@ If ``template_name`` isn't specified, this view will use the template
 
 In addition to ``extra_context``, the template's context will be:
 
-    * ``form``: A ``django.forms.FormWrapper`` instance representing the form
+    * ``form``: A ``django.oldforms.FormWrapper`` instance representing the form
       for editing the object. This lets you refer to form fields easily in the
       template system.
 
diff --git a/docs/newforms.txt b/docs/newforms.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c4986eb45e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/newforms.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+====================
+The newforms library
+====================
+
+``django.newforms`` is a new replacement for ``django.forms``, the old Django
+form/manipulator/validation framework. This document explains how to use this
+new form library.
+
+Migration plan
+==============
+
+``django.newforms`` currently is only available in the Django development version
+-- i.e., it's not available in the Django 0.95 release. For the next Django
+release, our plan is to do the following:
+
+    * As of revision [4208], we've copied the current ``django.forms`` to
+      ``django.oldforms``. This allows you to upgrade your code *now* rather
+      than waiting for the backwards-incompatible change and rushing to fix
+      your code after the fact. Just change your import statements like this::
+
+          from django import forms             # old
+          from django import oldforms as forms # new
+
+    * At an undecided future date, we will move the current ``django.newforms``
+      to ``django.forms``. This will be a backwards-incompatible change, and 
+      anybody who is still using the old version of ``django.forms`` at that
+      time will need to change their import statements, as described in the
+      previous bullet.
+
+    * We will remove ``django.oldforms`` in the release *after* the next Django
+      release -- the release that comes after the release in which we're
+      creating the new ``django.forms``.
+
+With this in mind, we recommend you use the following import statement when
+using ``django.newforms``::
+
+    from django import newforms as forms
+
+This way, your code can refer to the ``forms`` module, and when
+``django.newforms`` is renamed to ``django.forms``, you'll only have to change
+your ``import`` statements.
+
+If you prefer "``import *``" syntax, you can do the following::
+
+    from django.newforms import *
+
+This will import all fields, widgets, form classes and other various utilities
+into your local namespace. Some people find this convenient; others find it
+too messy. The choice is yours.
+
+Overview
+========
+
+As the ``django.forms`` ("manipulators") system before it, ``django.newforms``
+is intended to handle HTML form display, validation and redisplay. It's what
+you use if you want to perform server-side validation for an HTML form.
+
+For example, if your Web site has a contact form that visitors can use to
+send you e-mail, you'd use this library to implement the display of the HTML
+form fields, along with the form validation. Any time you need to use an HTML
+``<form>``, you can use this library.
+
+The library deals with these concepts:
+
+    * **Widget** -- A class that corresponds to an HTML form widget, e.g.
+      ``<input type="text">`` or ``<textarea>``. This handles rendering of the
+      widget as HTML.
+
+    * **Field** -- A class that is responsible for doing validation, e.g.
+      an ``EmailField`` that makes sure its data is a valid e-mail address.
+
+    * **Form** -- A collection of fields that knows how to validate itself and
+      display itself as HTML.
+
+Form objects
+============
+
+The primary way of using the ``newforms`` library is to create a form object.
+Do this by subclassing ``django.newforms.Form`` and specifying the form's
+fields, in a declarative style that you'll be familiar with if you've used
+Django database models. In this section, we'll iteratively develop a form
+object that you might to implement "contact me" functionality on your personal
+Web site.
+
+Start with this basic ``Form`` subclass, which we'll call ``ContactForm``::
+
+    from django import newforms as forms
+
+    class ContactForm(forms.Form):
+        subject = forms.CharField(max_length=100)
+        message = forms.CharField()
+        sender = forms.EmailField()
+        cc_myself = forms.BooleanField()
+
+A form is composed of ``Field`` objects. In this case, our form has four
+fields: ``subject``, ``message``, ``sender`` and ``cc_myself``. We'll explain
+the different types of fields -- e.g., ``CharField`` and ``EmailField`` --
+shortly.
+
+Outputting forms as HTML
+------------------------
+
+The first thing we can do with this is output it as HTML. To do so, instantiate
+it and ``print`` it::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+    >>> print f
+    <tr><th><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></td></tr>
+
+This default output is a two-column HTML table, with a ``<tr>`` for each field.
+Notice the following:
+
+    * For flexibility, the output does *not* include the ``<table>`` and
+      ``</table>`` tags, nor does it include the ``<form>`` and ``</form>``
+      tags or an ``<input type="submit">`` tag. It's your job to do that.
+
+    * Each field type has a default HTML representation. ``CharField`` and
+      ``EmailField`` are represented by an ``<input type="text">``.
+      ``BooleanField`` is represented by an ``<input type="checkbox">``. Note
+      these are merely sensible defaults; you can specify which HTML to use for
+      a given field by using ``widgets``, which we'll explain shortly.
+
+    * The HTML ``name`` for each tag is taken directly from its attribute name
+      in the ``ContactForm`` class.
+
+    * The text label for each field -- e.g. ``'Subject:'``, ``'Message:'`` and
+      ``'CC myself:'`` is generated from the field name by converting all
+      underscores to spaces and upper-casing the first letter. Again, note
+      these are merely sensible defaults; you can also specify labels manually.
+
+    * Each text label is surrounded in an HTML ``<label>`` tag, which points
+      to the appropriate form field via its ``id``. Its ``id``, in turn, is
+      generated by prepending ``'id_'`` to the field name. The ``id``
+      attributes and ``<label>`` tags are included in the output by default, to
+      follow best practices, but you can change that behavior.
+
+Although ``<table>`` output is the default output style when you ``print`` a
+form, other output styles are available. Each style is available as a method on
+a form object, and each rendering method returns a Unicode object.
+
+``as_p()``
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+``Form.as_p()`` renders the form as a series of ``<p>`` tags, with each ``<p>``
+containing one field::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+    >>> f.as_p()
+    u'<p><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></p>'
+    >>> print f.as_p()
+    <p><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>
+    <p><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></p>
+    <p><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></p>
+    <p><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></p>
+
+``as_ul()``
+~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+``Form.as_ul()`` renders the form as a series of ``<li>`` tags, with each
+``<li>`` containing one field. It does *not* include the ``<ul>`` or ``</ul>``,
+so that you can specify any HTML attributes on the ``<ul>`` for flexibility::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+    >>> f.as_ul()
+    u'<li><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></li>'
+    >>> print f.as_ul()
+    <li><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>
+    <li><label for="id_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></li>
+    <li><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></li>
+    <li><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></li>
+
+``as_table()``
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Finally, ``Form.as_table()`` outputs the form as an HTML ``<table>``. This is
+exactly the same as ``print``. In fact, when you ``print`` a form object, it
+calls its ``as_table()`` method behind the scenes::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm()
+    >>> f.as_table()
+    u'<tr><th><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></td></tr>'
+    >>> print f.as_table()
+    <tr><th><label for="id_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_message" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="sender" id="id_sender" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_cc_myself" /></td></tr>
+
+Configuring HTML ``<label>`` tags
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+An HTML ``<label>`` tag designates which label text is associated with which
+form element. This small enhancement makes forms more usable and more accessible
+to assistive devices. It's always a good idea to use ``<label>`` tags.
+
+By default, the form rendering methods include HTML ``id`` attributes on the
+form elements and corresponding ``<label>`` tags around the labels. The ``id``
+attribute values are generated by prepending ``id_`` to the form field names.
+This behavior is configurable, though, if you want to change the ``id``
+convention or remove HTML ``id`` attributes and ``<label>`` tags entirely.
+
+Use the ``auto_id`` argument to the ``Form`` constructor to control the label
+and ``id`` behavior. This argument must be ``True``, ``False`` or a string.
+
+If ``auto_id`` is ``False``, then the form output will not include ``<label>``
+tags nor ``id`` attributes::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm(auto_id=False)
+    >>> print f.as_table()
+    <tr><th>Subject:</th><td><input type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Message:</th><td><input type="text" name="message" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Sender:</th><td><input type="text" name="sender" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th>Cc myself:</th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></td></tr>
+    >>> print f.as_ul()
+    <li>Subject: <input type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>
+    <li>Message: <input type="text" name="message" /></li>
+    <li>Sender: <input type="text" name="sender" /></li>
+    <li>Cc myself: <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></li>
+    >>> print f.as_p()
+    <p>Subject: <input type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>
+    <p>Message: <input type="text" name="message" /></p>
+    <p>Sender: <input type="text" name="sender" /></p>
+    <p>Cc myself: <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" /></p>
+
+If ``auto_id`` is set to ``True``, then the form output *will* include
+``<label>`` tags and will simply use the field name as its ``id`` for each form
+field::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm(auto_id=True)
+    >>> print f.as_table()
+    <tr><th><label for="subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="message" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="sender" id="sender" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="cc_myself" /></td></tr>
+    >>> print f.as_ul()
+    <li><label for="subject">Subject:</label> <input id="subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>
+    <li><label for="message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="message" /></li>
+    <li><label for="sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="sender" /></li>
+    <li><label for="cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="cc_myself" /></li>
+    >>> print f.as_p()
+    <p><label for="subject">Subject:</label> <input id="subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>
+    <p><label for="message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="message" /></p>
+    <p><label for="sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="sender" /></p>
+    <p><label for="cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="cc_myself" /></p>
+
+If ``auto_id`` is set to a string containing the format character ``'%s'``,
+then the form output will include ``<label>`` tags, and will generate ``id``
+attributes based on the format string. For example, for a format string
+``'field_%s'``, a field named ``subject`` will get the ``id``
+``'field_subject'``. Continuing our example::
+
+    >>> f = ContactForm(auto_id='id_for_%s')
+    >>> print f.as_table()
+    <tr><th><label for="id_for_subject">Subject:</label></th><td><input id="id_for_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_for_message">Message:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="message" id="id_for_message" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_for_sender">Sender:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="sender" id="id_for_sender" /></td></tr>
+    <tr><th><label for="id_for_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label></th><td><input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_for_cc_myself" /></td></tr>
+    >>> print f.as_ul()
+    <li><label for="id_for_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_for_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></li>
+    <li><label for="id_for_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_for_message" /></li>
+    <li><label for="id_for_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_for_sender" /></li>
+    <li><label for="id_for_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_for_cc_myself" /></li>
+    >>> print f.as_p()
+    <p><label for="id_for_subject">Subject:</label> <input id="id_for_subject" type="text" name="subject" maxlength="100" /></p>
+    <p><label for="id_for_message">Message:</label> <input type="text" name="message" id="id_for_message" /></p>
+    <p><label for="id_for_sender">Sender:</label> <input type="text" name="sender" id="id_for_sender" /></p>
+    <p><label for="id_for_cc_myself">Cc myself:</label> <input type="checkbox" name="cc_myself" id="id_for_cc_myself" /></p>
+
+If ``auto_id`` is set to any other true value -- such as a string that doesn't
+include ``%s`` -- then the library will act as if ``auto_id`` is ``True``.
+
+By default, ``auto_id`` is set to the string ``'id_%s'``.
+
+Notes on field ordering
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+In the ``as_p()``, ``as_ul()`` and ``as_table()`` shortcuts, the fields are
+displayed in the order in which you define them in your form class. For
+example, in the ``ContactForm`` example, the fields are defined in the order
+``subject``, ``message``, ``sender``, ``cc_myself``. To reorder the HTML
+output, just change the order in which those fields are listed in the class.
+
+More coming soon
+================
+
+That's all the documentation for now. For more, see the file
+http://code.djangoproject.com/browser/django/trunk/tests/regressiontests/forms/tests.py
+-- the unit tests for ``django.newforms``. This can give you a good idea of
+what's possible.
+
+Using forms to validate data
+----------------------------
+
+Using forms with templates
+==========================
+
+Using forms in views
+====================
diff --git a/docs/sessions.txt b/docs/sessions.txt
index d39f42c3bf..dd4a581d91 100644
--- a/docs/sessions.txt
+++ b/docs/sessions.txt
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ Do this after you've verified that the test cookie worked.
 Here's a typical usage example::
 
     def login(request):
-        if request.POST:
+        if request.method == 'POST':
             if request.session.test_cookie_worked():
                 request.session.delete_test_cookie()
                 return HttpResponse("You're logged in.")
diff --git a/docs/settings.txt b/docs/settings.txt
index ff1e2eeca2..ba1e8eafea 100644
--- a/docs/settings.txt
+++ b/docs/settings.txt
@@ -830,7 +830,7 @@ Default: ``Django/<version> (http://www.djangoproject.com/)``
 The string to use as the ``User-Agent`` header when checking to see if URLs
 exist (see the ``verify_exists`` option on URLField_).
 
-.. URLField: ../model_api/#urlfield
+.. _URLField: ../model_api/#urlfield
 
 USE_ETAGS
 ---------
@@ -871,7 +871,7 @@ TIME_FORMAT and MONTH_DAY_FORMAT.
 .. _cache docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/cache/
 .. _middleware docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/middleware/
 .. _session docs: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/sessions/
-.. _See available choices: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
+.. _See available choices: http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/static/datetime-keywords.html#DATETIME-TIMEZONE-SET-TABLE
 .. _template documentation: http://www.djangoproject.com/documentation/templates_python/
 
 Creating your own settings
diff --git a/docs/sitemaps.txt b/docs/sitemaps.txt
index fec65572f2..7414567b16 100644
--- a/docs/sitemaps.txt
+++ b/docs/sitemaps.txt
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ The sitemap framework
 **New in Django development version**.
 
 Django comes with a high-level sitemap-generating framework that makes
-creating `Google Sitemap`_ XML files easy.
+creating sitemap_ XML files easy.
 
-.. _Google Sitemap: http://www.google.com/webmasters/sitemaps/docs/en/protocol.html
+.. _sitemap: http://www.sitemaps.org/
 
 Overview
 ========
@@ -55,11 +55,12 @@ URLconf_:
 
 This tells Django to build a sitemap when a client accesses ``/sitemap.xml``.
 
-The name of the sitemap file is not important, but the location is. Google will
-only index links in your sitemap for the current URL level and below. For
-instance, if ``sitemap.xml`` lives in your root directory, it may reference any
-URL in your site. However, if your sitemap lives at ``/content/sitemap.xml``,
-it may only reference URLs that begin with ``/content/``.
+The name of the sitemap file is not important, but the location is. Search
+engines will only index links in your sitemap for the current URL level and
+below. For instance, if ``sitemap.xml`` lives in your root directory, it may
+reference any URL in your site. However, if your sitemap lives at
+``/content/sitemap.xml``, it may only reference URLs that begin with
+``/content/``.
 
 The sitemap view takes an extra, required argument: ``{'sitemaps': sitemaps}``.
 ``sitemaps`` should be a dictionary that maps a short section label (e.g.,
@@ -199,9 +200,9 @@ If it's an attribute, its value should be either a string or float representing
 the priority of *every* object returned by ``items()``.
 
 Example values for ``priority``: ``0.4``, ``1.0``. The default priority of a
-page is ``0.5``. See Google's documentation for more documentation.
+page is ``0.5``. See the `sitemaps.org documentation`_ for more.
 
-.. _Google's documentation: http://www.google.com/webmasters/sitemaps/docs/en/protocol.html
+.. _sitemaps.org documentation: http://www.sitemaps.org/protocol.html#prioritydef
 
 Shortcuts
 =========
diff --git a/docs/testing.txt b/docs/testing.txt
index 68eff07788..a0b8a8a187 100644
--- a/docs/testing.txt
+++ b/docs/testing.txt
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ together, picking the test system to match the type of tests you need to
 write.
 
 For developers new to testing, however, this choice can seem
-confusing, so here are a few key differences to help you decide weather
+confusing, so here are a few key differences to help you decide whether
 doctests or unit tests are right for you.
 
 If you've been using Python for a while, ``doctest`` will probably feel more
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 9dd5fd9144..f403029efe 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -11,19 +11,26 @@ for scheme in INSTALL_SCHEMES.values():
 # Compile the list of packages available, because distutils doesn't have
 # an easy way to do this.
 packages, data_files = [], []
-root_dir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'django')
-for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(root_dir):
+root_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+len_root_dir = len(root_dir)
+django_dir = os.path.join(root_dir, 'django')
+
+for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(django_dir):
     # Ignore dirnames that start with '.'
     for i, dirname in enumerate(dirnames):
         if dirname.startswith('.'): del dirnames[i]
     if '__init__.py' in filenames:
-        packages.append(dirpath.replace('/', '.'))
+        package = dirpath[len_root_dir:].lstrip('/').replace('/', '.')
+        packages.append(package)
     else:
         data_files.append((dirpath, [os.path.join(dirpath, f) for f in filenames]))
 
+# Dynamically calculate the version based on django.VERSION.
+version = "%d.%d-%s" % (__import__('django').VERSION)
+
 setup(
     name = "Django",
-    version = "0.95",
+    version = version,
     url = 'http://www.djangoproject.com/',
     author = 'Lawrence Journal-World',
     author_email = 'holovaty@gmail.com',
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/model_forms/__init__.py b/tests/modeltests/model_forms/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/modeltests/model_forms/__init__.py
diff --git a/tests/modeltests/model_forms/models.py b/tests/modeltests/model_forms/models.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b51b4e1a8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/modeltests/model_forms/models.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+"""
+34. Generating HTML forms from models
+
+Django provides shortcuts for creating Form objects from a model class.
+"""
+
+from django.db import models
+
+class Category(models.Model):
+    name = models.CharField(maxlength=20)
+    url = models.CharField('The URL', maxlength=20)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.name
+
+class Article(models.Model):
+    headline = models.CharField(maxlength=50)
+    pub_date = models.DateTimeField()
+    categories = models.ManyToManyField(Category)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.headline
+
+__test__ = {'API_TESTS': """
+>>> from django.newforms import form_for_model
+>>> CategoryForm = form_for_model(Category)
+>>> f = CategoryForm()
+>>> print f
+<tr><th><label for="id_id">ID:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="id" id="id_id" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_name">Name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="name" id="id_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_url">The URL:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="url" id="id_url" /></td></tr>
+>>> print f.as_ul()
+<li><label for="id_id">ID:</label> <input type="text" name="id" id="id_id" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_name">Name:</label> <input type="text" name="name" id="id_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_url">The URL:</label> <input type="text" name="url" id="id_url" /></li>
+>>> print f['name']
+<input type="text" name="name" id="id_name" />
+
+>>> f = CategoryForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print f.as_ul()
+<li>ID: <input type="text" name="id" /></li>
+<li>Name: <input type="text" name="name" /></li>
+<li>The URL: <input type="text" name="url" /></li>
+"""}
diff --git a/tests/regressiontests/forms/tests.py b/tests/regressiontests/forms/tests.py
index c4dd7074a5..c75cedab14 100644
--- a/tests/regressiontests/forms/tests.py
+++ b/tests/regressiontests/forms/tests.py
@@ -4,6 +4,14 @@ r"""
 >>> import datetime
 >>> import re
 
+###########
+# Widgets #
+###########
+
+Each Widget class corresponds to an HTML form widget. A Widget knows how to
+render itself, given a field name and some data. Widgets don't perform
+validation.
+
 # TextInput Widget ############################################################
 
 >>> w = TextInput()
@@ -156,10 +164,18 @@ u'<textarea class="fun" name="msg">\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0
 >>> w = CheckboxInput()
 >>> w.render('is_cool', '')
 u'<input type="checkbox" name="is_cool" />'
+>>> w.render('is_cool', None)
+u'<input type="checkbox" name="is_cool" />'
 >>> w.render('is_cool', False)
 u'<input type="checkbox" name="is_cool" />'
 >>> w.render('is_cool', True)
 u'<input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="is_cool" />'
+
+Using any value that's not in ('', None, False, True) will check the checkbox
+and set the 'value' attribute.
+>>> w.render('is_cool', 'foo')
+u'<input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="is_cool" value="foo" />'
+
 >>> w.render('is_cool', False, attrs={'class': 'pretty'})
 u'<input type="checkbox" name="is_cool" class="pretty" />'
 
@@ -173,6 +189,29 @@ u'<input type="checkbox" class="pretty" name="is_cool" />'
 >>> w.render('is_cool', '', attrs={'class': 'special'})
 u'<input type="checkbox" class="special" name="is_cool" />'
 
+You can pass 'check_test' to the constructor. This is a callable that takes the
+value and returns True if the box should be checked.
+>>> w = CheckboxInput(check_test=lambda value: value.startswith('hello'))
+>>> w.render('greeting', '')
+u'<input type="checkbox" name="greeting" />'
+>>> w.render('greeting', 'hello')
+u'<input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="greeting" value="hello" />'
+>>> w.render('greeting', 'hello there')
+u'<input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="greeting" value="hello there" />'
+>>> w.render('greeting', 'hello & goodbye')
+u'<input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="greeting" value="hello &amp; goodbye" />'
+
+A subtlety: If the 'check_test' argument cannot handle a value and raises any
+exception during its __call__, then the exception will be swallowed and the box
+will not be checked. In this example, the 'check_test' assumes the value has a
+startswith() method, which fails for the values True, False and None.
+>>> w.render('greeting', True)
+u'<input type="checkbox" name="greeting" />'
+>>> w.render('greeting', False)
+u'<input type="checkbox" name="greeting" />'
+>>> w.render('greeting', None)
+u'<input type="checkbox" name="greeting" />'
+
 # Select Widget ###############################################################
 
 >>> w = Select()
@@ -475,8 +514,153 @@ beatle J P Paul False
 beatle J G George False
 beatle J R Ringo False
 
+# CheckboxSelectMultiple Widget ###############################################
+
+>>> w = CheckboxSelectMultiple()
+>>> print w.render('beatles', ['J'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
+<ul>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="J" /> John</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="G" /> George</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
+</ul>
+>>> print w.render('beatles', ['J', 'P'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
+<ul>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="J" /> John</label></li>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="G" /> George</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
+</ul>
+>>> print w.render('beatles', ['J', 'P', 'R'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
+<ul>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="J" /> John</label></li>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="G" /> George</label></li>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
+</ul>
+
+If the value is None, none of the options are selected:
+>>> print w.render('beatles', None, choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
+<ul>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="J" /> John</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="G" /> George</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
+</ul>
+
+If the value corresponds to a label (but not to an option value), none of the options are selected:
+>>> print w.render('beatles', ['John'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
+<ul>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="J" /> John</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="G" /> George</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
+</ul>
+
+If multiple values are given, but some of them are not valid, the valid ones are selected:
+>>> print w.render('beatles', ['J', 'G', 'foo'], choices=(('J', 'John'), ('P', 'Paul'), ('G', 'George'), ('R', 'Ringo')))
+<ul>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="J" /> John</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="P" /> Paul</label></li>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="G" /> George</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="beatles" value="R" /> Ringo</label></li>
+</ul>
+
+The value is compared to its str():
+>>> print w.render('nums', [2], choices=[('1', '1'), ('2', '2'), ('3', '3')])
+<ul>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
+</ul>
+>>> print w.render('nums', ['2'], choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
+<ul>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
+</ul>
+>>> print w.render('nums', [2], choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
+<ul>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
+</ul>
+
+The 'choices' argument can be any iterable:
+>>> def get_choices():
+...     for i in range(5):
+...         yield (i, i)
+>>> print w.render('nums', [2], choices=get_choices())
+<ul>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="0" /> 0</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="4" /> 4</label></li>
+</ul>
+
+You can also pass 'choices' to the constructor:
+>>> w = CheckboxSelectMultiple(choices=[(1, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)])
+>>> print w.render('nums', [2])
+<ul>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
+</ul>
+
+If 'choices' is passed to both the constructor and render(), then they'll both be in the output:
+>>> print w.render('nums', [2], choices=[(4, 4), (5, 5)])
+<ul>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="4" /> 4</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="5" /> 5</label></li>
+</ul>
+
+>>> w.render('nums', ['ŠĐĆŽćžšđ'], choices=[('ŠĐĆŽćžšđ', 'ŠĐabcĆŽćžšđ'), ('ćžšđ', 'abcćžšđ')])
+u'<ul>\n<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="1" /> 1</label></li>\n<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="2" /> 2</label></li>\n<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="3" /> 3</label></li>\n<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="nums" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /> \u0160\u0110abc\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</label></li>\n<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="nums" value="\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" /> abc\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111</label></li>\n</ul>'
+
+##########
+# Fields #
+##########
+
+Each Field class does some sort of validation. Each Field has a clean() method,
+which either raises django.newforms.ValidationError or returns the "clean"
+data -- usually a Unicode object, but, in some rare cases, a list.
+
+Each Field's __init__() takes at least these parameters:
+    required -- Boolean that specifies whether the field is required.
+                True by default.
+    widget -- A Widget class, or instance of a Widget class, that should be
+              used for this Field when displaying it. Each Field has a default
+              Widget that it'll use if you don't specify this. In most cases,
+              the default widget is TextInput.
+    label -- A verbose name for this field, for use in displaying this field in
+             a form. By default, Django will use a "pretty" version of the form
+             field name, if the Field is part of a Form.
+
+Other than that, the Field subclasses have class-specific options for
+__init__(). For example, CharField has a max_length option.
+
 # CharField ###################################################################
 
+>>> f = CharField()
+>>> f.clean(1)
+u'1'
+>>> f.clean('hello')
+u'hello'
+>>> f.clean(None)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean('')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean([1, 2, 3])
+u'[1, 2, 3]'
+
 >>> f = CharField(required=False)
 >>> f.clean(1)
 u'1'
@@ -484,13 +668,13 @@ u'1'
 u'hello'
 >>> f.clean(None)
 u''
+>>> f.clean('')
+u''
 >>> f.clean([1, 2, 3])
 u'[1, 2, 3]'
 
 CharField accepts an optional max_length parameter:
 >>> f = CharField(max_length=10, required=False)
->>> f.clean('')
-u''
 >>> f.clean('12345')
 u'12345'
 >>> f.clean('1234567890')
@@ -518,6 +702,40 @@ u'1234567890a'
 # IntegerField ################################################################
 
 >>> f = IntegerField()
+>>> f.clean('')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean(None)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean('1')
+1
+>>> isinstance(f.clean('1'), int)
+True
+>>> f.clean('23')
+23
+>>> f.clean('a')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a whole number.']
+>>> f.clean('1 ')
+1
+>>> f.clean(' 1')
+1
+>>> f.clean(' 1 ')
+1
+>>> f.clean('1a')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a whole number.']
+
+>>> f = IntegerField(required=False)
+>>> f.clean('')
+u''
+>>> f.clean(None)
+u''
 >>> f.clean('1')
 1
 >>> isinstance(f.clean('1'), int)
@@ -616,6 +834,45 @@ Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date.']
 
+# TimeField ###################################################################
+
+>>> import datetime
+>>> f = TimeField()
+>>> f.clean(datetime.time(14, 25))
+datetime.time(14, 25)
+>>> f.clean(datetime.time(14, 25, 59))
+datetime.time(14, 25, 59)
+>>> f.clean('14:25')
+datetime.time(14, 25)
+>>> f.clean('14:25:59')
+datetime.time(14, 25, 59)
+>>> f.clean('hello')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid time.']
+>>> f.clean('1:24 p.m.')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid time.']
+
+TimeField accepts an optional input_formats parameter:
+>>> f = TimeField(input_formats=['%I:%M %p'])
+>>> f.clean(datetime.time(14, 25))
+datetime.time(14, 25)
+>>> f.clean(datetime.time(14, 25, 59))
+datetime.time(14, 25, 59)
+>>> f.clean('4:25 AM')
+datetime.time(4, 25)
+>>> f.clean('4:25 PM')
+datetime.time(16, 25)
+
+The input_formats parameter overrides all default input formats,
+so the default formats won't work unless you specify them:
+>>> f.clean('14:30:45')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid time.']
+
 # DateTimeField ###############################################################
 
 >>> import datetime
@@ -681,6 +938,14 @@ Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid date/time.']
 
+>>> f = DateTimeField(required=False)
+>>> f.clean(None)
+>>> repr(f.clean(None))
+'None'
+>>> f.clean('')
+>>> repr(f.clean(''))
+'None'
+
 # RegexField ##################################################################
 
 >>> f = RegexField('^\d[A-F]\d$')
@@ -700,6 +965,22 @@ ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid value.']
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid value.']
+>>> f.clean('')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+
+>>> f = RegexField('^\d[A-F]\d$', required=False)
+>>> f.clean('2A2')
+u'2A2'
+>>> f.clean('3F3')
+u'3F3'
+>>> f.clean('3G3')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid value.']
+>>> f.clean('')
+u''
 
 Alternatively, RegexField can take a compiled regular expression:
 >>> f = RegexField(re.compile('^\d[A-F]\d$'))
@@ -736,6 +1017,34 @@ ValidationError: [u'Enter a four-digit number.']
 # EmailField ##################################################################
 
 >>> f = EmailField()
+>>> f.clean('')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean(None)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean('person@example.com')
+u'person@example.com'
+>>> f.clean('foo')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.']
+>>> f.clean('foo@')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.']
+>>> f.clean('foo@bar')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.']
+
+>>> f = EmailField(required=False)
+>>> f.clean('')
+u''
+>>> f.clean(None)
+u''
 >>> f.clean('person@example.com')
 u'person@example.com'
 >>> f.clean('foo')
@@ -754,6 +1063,48 @@ ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.']
 # URLField ##################################################################
 
 >>> f = URLField()
+>>> f.clean('')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean(None)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean('http://example.com')
+u'http://example.com'
+>>> f.clean('http://www.example.com')
+u'http://www.example.com'
+>>> f.clean('foo')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
+>>> f.clean('example.com')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
+>>> f.clean('http://')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
+>>> f.clean('http://example')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
+>>> f.clean('http://example.')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
+>>> f.clean('http://.com')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid URL.']
+
+>>> f = URLField(required=False)
+>>> f.clean('')
+u''
+>>> f.clean(None)
+u''
 >>> f.clean('http://example.com')
 u'http://example.com'
 >>> f.clean('http://www.example.com')
@@ -804,6 +1155,30 @@ ValidationError: [u'This URL appears to be a broken link.']
 # BooleanField ################################################################
 
 >>> f = BooleanField()
+>>> f.clean('')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean(None)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean(True)
+True
+>>> f.clean(False)
+False
+>>> f.clean(1)
+True
+>>> f.clean(0)
+False
+>>> f.clean('Django rocks')
+True
+
+>>> f = BooleanField(required=False)
+>>> f.clean('')
+False
+>>> f.clean(None)
+False
 >>> f.clean(True)
 True
 >>> f.clean(False)
@@ -818,18 +1193,32 @@ True
 # ChoiceField #################################################################
 
 >>> f = ChoiceField(choices=[('1', '1'), ('2', '2')])
+>>> f.clean('')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean(None)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
 >>> f.clean(1)
 u'1'
 >>> f.clean('1')
 u'1'
->>> f.clean(None)
+>>> f.clean('3')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
-ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+ValidationError: [u'Select a valid choice. 3 is not one of the available choices.']
+
+>>> f = ChoiceField(choices=[('1', '1'), ('2', '2')], required=False)
 >>> f.clean('')
-Traceback (most recent call last):
-...
-ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+u''
+>>> f.clean(None)
+u''
+>>> f.clean(1)
+u'1'
+>>> f.clean('1')
+u'1'
 >>> f.clean('3')
 Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
@@ -846,6 +1235,14 @@ ValidationError: [u'Select a valid choice. John is not one of the available choi
 # MultipleChoiceField #########################################################
 
 >>> f = MultipleChoiceField(choices=[('1', '1'), ('2', '2')])
+>>> f.clean('')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
+>>> f.clean(None)
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
 >>> f.clean([1])
 [u'1']
 >>> f.clean(['1'])
@@ -873,10 +1270,38 @@ Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'Select a valid choice. 3 is not one of the available choices.']
 
+>>> f = MultipleChoiceField(choices=[('1', '1'), ('2', '2')], required=False)
+>>> f.clean('')
+[]
+>>> f.clean(None)
+[]
+>>> f.clean([1])
+[u'1']
+>>> f.clean(['1'])
+[u'1']
+>>> f.clean(['1', '2'])
+[u'1', u'2']
+>>> f.clean([1, '2'])
+[u'1', u'2']
+>>> f.clean((1, '2'))
+[u'1', u'2']
+>>> f.clean('hello')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a list of values.']
+>>> f.clean([])
+[]
+>>> f.clean(())
+[]
+>>> f.clean(['3'])
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Select a valid choice. 3 is not one of the available choices.']
+
 # ComboField ##################################################################
 
 ComboField takes a list of fields that should be used to validate a value,
-in that order:
+in that order.
 >>> f = ComboField(fields=[CharField(max_length=20), EmailField()])
 >>> f.clean('test@example.com')
 u'test@example.com'
@@ -897,78 +1322,155 @@ Traceback (most recent call last):
 ...
 ValidationError: [u'This field is required.']
 
+>>> f = ComboField(fields=[CharField(max_length=20), EmailField()], required=False)
+>>> f.clean('test@example.com')
+u'test@example.com'
+>>> f.clean('longemailaddress@example.com')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Ensure this value has at most 20 characters.']
+>>> f.clean('not an e-mail')
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+ValidationError: [u'Enter a valid e-mail address.']
+>>> f.clean('')
+u''
+>>> f.clean(None)
+u''
+
+#########
+# Forms #
+#########
+
+A Form is a collection of Fields. It knows how to validate a set of data and it
+knows how to render itself in a couple of default ways (e.g., an HTML table).
+You can pass it data in __init__(), as a dictionary.
+
 # Form ########################################################################
 
 >>> class Person(Form):
 ...     first_name = CharField()
 ...     last_name = CharField()
 ...     birthday = DateField()
->>> p = Person()
->>> print p
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
->>> print p.as_table()
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
->>> print p.as_ul()
-<li>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" /></li>
-<li>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /></li>
-<li>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" /></li>
->>> print p.as_table_with_errors()
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
->>> print p.as_ul_with_errors()
-<li><ul><li>This field is required.</li></ul>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" /></li>
-<li><ul><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /></li>
-<li><ul><li>This field is required.</li></ul>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" /></li>
 
+Pass a dictionary to a Form's __init__().
 >>> p = Person({'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': u'1940-10-9'})
->>> p.errors()
+>>> p.errors
 {}
 >>> p.is_valid()
 True
->>> p.errors().as_ul()
+>>> p.errors.as_ul()
 u''
->>> p.errors().as_text()
+>>> p.errors.as_text()
 u''
->>> p.clean()
+>>> p.clean_data
 {'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': datetime.date(1940, 10, 9)}
 >>> print p['first_name']
-<input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" />
+<input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" id="id_first_name" />
 >>> print p['last_name']
-<input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" />
+<input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" id="id_last_name" />
 >>> print p['birthday']
-<input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" />
+<input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_birthday" />
+>>> print p['nonexistentfield']
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+KeyError: "Key 'nonexistentfield' not found in Form"
+
 >>> for boundfield in p:
 ...     print boundfield
-<input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" />
-<input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" />
-<input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" />
+<input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" id="id_first_name" />
+<input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" id="id_last_name" />
+<input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_birthday" />
+>>> for boundfield in p:
+...     print boundfield.label, boundfield.data
+First name John
+Last name Lennon
+Birthday 1940-10-9
 >>> print p
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>
+
+Empty dictionaries are valid, too.
+>>> p = Person({})
+>>> p.errors
+{'first_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'last_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'birthday': [u'This field is required.']}
+>>> p.is_valid()
+False
+>>> print p
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>
+>>> print p.as_table()
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></li>
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></li>
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></li>
+>>> print p.as_p()
+<p><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></p>
+<p><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></p>
+<p><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></p>
+<p><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></p>
+<p><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></p>
+<p><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></p>
+
+If you don't pass any values to the Form's __init__(), or if you pass None,
+the Form won't do any validation. Form.errors will be an empty dictionary *but*
+Form.is_valid() will return False.
+>>> p = Person()
+>>> p.errors
+{}
+>>> p.is_valid()
+False
+>>> print p
+<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>
+>>> print p.as_table()
+<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></li>
+>>> print p.as_p()
+<p><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></p>
+
+Unicode values are handled properly.
+>>> p = Person({'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111', 'birthday': '1940-10-9'})
+>>> p.as_table()
+u'<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>\n<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_birthday" /></td></tr>'
+>>> p.as_ul()
+u'<li><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" id="id_first_name" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" id="id_last_name" /></li>\n<li><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_birthday" /></li>'
+>>> p.as_p()
+u'<p><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" id="id_first_name" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" value="\u0160\u0110\u0106\u017d\u0107\u017e\u0161\u0111" id="id_last_name" /></p>\n<p><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_birthday" /></p>'
 
 >>> p = Person({'last_name': u'Lennon'})
->>> p.errors()
+>>> p.errors
 {'first_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'birthday': [u'This field is required.']}
 >>> p.is_valid()
 False
->>> p.errors().as_ul()
+>>> p.errors.as_ul()
 u'<ul class="errorlist"><li>first_name<ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></li><li>birthday<ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></li></ul>'
->>> print p.errors().as_text()
+>>> print p.errors.as_text()
 * first_name
   * This field is required.
 * birthday
   * This field is required.
->>> p.clean()
->>> repr(p.clean())
+>>> p.clean_data
+>>> repr(p.clean_data)
 'None'
 >>> p['first_name'].errors
 [u'This field is required.']
@@ -979,28 +1481,37 @@ u'* This field is required.'
 
 >>> p = Person()
 >>> print p['first_name']
-<input type="text" name="first_name" />
+<input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" />
 >>> print p['last_name']
-<input type="text" name="last_name" />
+<input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" />
 >>> print p['birthday']
-<input type="text" name="birthday" />
+<input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" />
 
 "auto_id" tells the Form to add an "id" attribute to each form element.
 If it's a string that contains '%s', Django will use that as a format string
-into which the field's name will be inserted.
->>> p = Person(auto_id='id_%s')
+into which the field's name will be inserted. It will also put a <label> around
+the human-readable labels for a field.
+>>> p = Person(auto_id='%s_id')
+>>> print p.as_table()
+<tr><th><label for="first_name_id">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" id="first_name_id" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="last_name_id">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" id="last_name_id" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="birthday_id">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday_id" /></td></tr>
 >>> print p.as_ul()
-<li>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></li>
-<li>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></li>
-<li>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /></li>
+<li><label for="first_name_id">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="first_name_id" /></li>
+<li><label for="last_name_id">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="last_name_id" /></li>
+<li><label for="birthday_id">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday_id" /></li>
+>>> print p.as_p()
+<p><label for="first_name_id">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="first_name_id" /></p>
+<p><label for="last_name_id">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="last_name_id" /></p>
+<p><label for="birthday_id">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday_id" /></p>
 
 If auto_id is any True value whose str() does not contain '%s', the "id"
 attribute will be the name of the field.
 >>> p = Person(auto_id=True)
 >>> print p.as_ul()
-<li>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" id="first_name" /></li>
-<li>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" id="last_name" /></li>
-<li>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday" /></li>
+<li><label for="first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="first_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="last_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday" /></li>
 
 If auto_id is any False value, an "id" attribute won't be output unless it
 was manually entered.
@@ -1011,14 +1522,14 @@ was manually entered.
 <li>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" /></li>
 
 In this example, auto_id is False, but the "id" attribute for the "first_name"
-field is given.
+field is given. Also note that field gets a <label>, while the others don't.
 >>> class PersonNew(Form):
 ...     first_name = CharField(widget=TextInput(attrs={'id': 'first_name_id'}))
 ...     last_name = CharField()
 ...     birthday = DateField()
 >>> p = PersonNew(auto_id=False)
 >>> print p.as_ul()
-<li>First name: <input type="text" id="first_name_id" name="first_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="first_name_id">First name:</label> <input type="text" id="first_name_id" name="first_name" /></li>
 <li>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /></li>
 <li>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" /></li>
 
@@ -1026,20 +1537,20 @@ If the "id" attribute is specified in the Form and auto_id is True, the "id"
 attribute in the Form gets precedence.
 >>> p = PersonNew(auto_id=True)
 >>> print p.as_ul()
-<li>First name: <input type="text" id="first_name_id" name="first_name" /></li>
-<li>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" id="last_name" /></li>
-<li>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday" /></li>
+<li><label for="first_name_id">First name:</label> <input type="text" id="first_name_id" name="first_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="last_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="birthday" /></li>
 
 >>> class SignupForm(Form):
 ...     email = EmailField()
 ...     get_spam = BooleanField()
->>> f = SignupForm()
+>>> f = SignupForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['email']
 <input type="text" name="email" />
 >>> print f['get_spam']
 <input type="checkbox" name="get_spam" />
 
->>> f = SignupForm({'email': 'test@example.com', 'get_spam': True})
+>>> f = SignupForm({'email': 'test@example.com', 'get_spam': True}, auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['email']
 <input type="text" name="email" value="test@example.com" />
 >>> print f['get_spam']
@@ -1049,70 +1560,131 @@ Any Field can have a Widget class passed to its constructor:
 >>> class ContactForm(Form):
 ...     subject = CharField()
 ...     message = CharField(widget=Textarea)
->>> f = ContactForm()
+>>> f = ContactForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['subject']
 <input type="text" name="subject" />
 >>> print f['message']
 <textarea name="message"></textarea>
 
-as_textarea() and as_text() are shortcuts for changing the output widget type:
+as_textarea(), as_text() and as_hidden() are shortcuts for changing the output
+widget type:
 >>> f['subject'].as_textarea()
 u'<textarea name="subject"></textarea>'
 >>> f['message'].as_text()
 u'<input type="text" name="message" />'
+>>> f['message'].as_hidden()
+u'<input type="hidden" name="message" />'
 
 The 'widget' parameter to a Field can also be an instance:
 >>> class ContactForm(Form):
 ...     subject = CharField()
 ...     message = CharField(widget=Textarea(attrs={'rows': 80, 'cols': 20}))
->>> f = ContactForm()
+>>> f = ContactForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['message']
 <textarea rows="80" cols="20" name="message"></textarea>
 
-Instance-level attrs are *not* carried over to as_textarea() and as_text():
+Instance-level attrs are *not* carried over to as_textarea(), as_text() and
+as_hidden():
 >>> f['message'].as_text()
 u'<input type="text" name="message" />'
->>> f = ContactForm({'subject': 'Hello', 'message': 'I love you.'})
+>>> f = ContactForm({'subject': 'Hello', 'message': 'I love you.'}, auto_id=False)
 >>> f['subject'].as_textarea()
 u'<textarea name="subject">Hello</textarea>'
 >>> f['message'].as_text()
 u'<input type="text" name="message" value="I love you." />'
+>>> f['message'].as_hidden()
+u'<input type="hidden" name="message" value="I love you." />'
 
 For a form with a <select>, use ChoiceField:
 >>> class FrameworkForm(Form):
 ...     name = CharField()
 ...     language = ChoiceField(choices=[('P', 'Python'), ('J', 'Java')])
->>> f = FrameworkForm()
+>>> f = FrameworkForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['language']
 <select name="language">
 <option value="P">Python</option>
 <option value="J">Java</option>
 </select>
->>> f = FrameworkForm({'name': 'Django', 'language': 'P'})
+>>> f = FrameworkForm({'name': 'Django', 'language': 'P'}, auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['language']
 <select name="language">
 <option value="P" selected="selected">Python</option>
 <option value="J">Java</option>
 </select>
 
+Add widget=RadioSelect to use that widget with a ChoiceField.
+>>> class FrameworkForm(Form):
+...     name = CharField()
+...     language = ChoiceField(choices=[('P', 'Python'), ('J', 'Java')], widget=RadioSelect)
+>>> f = FrameworkForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print f['language']
+<ul>
+<li><label><input type="radio" name="language" value="P" /> Python</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="radio" name="language" value="J" /> Java</label></li>
+</ul>
+>>> print f
+<tr><th>Name:</th><td><input type="text" name="name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Language:</th><td><ul>
+<li><label><input type="radio" name="language" value="P" /> Python</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="radio" name="language" value="J" /> Java</label></li>
+</ul></td></tr>
+>>> print f.as_ul()
+<li>Name: <input type="text" name="name" /></li>
+<li>Language: <ul>
+<li><label><input type="radio" name="language" value="P" /> Python</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="radio" name="language" value="J" /> Java</label></li>
+</ul></li>
+
+Regarding auto_id and <label>, RadioSelect is a special case. Each radio button
+gets a distinct ID, formed by appending an underscore plus the button's
+zero-based index.
+>>> f = FrameworkForm(auto_id='id_%s')
+>>> print f['language']
+<ul>
+<li><label><input type="radio" id="id_language_0" value="P" name="language" /> Python</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="radio" id="id_language_1" value="J" name="language" /> Java</label></li>
+</ul>
+
+When RadioSelect is used with auto_id, and the whole form is printed using
+either as_table() or as_ul(), the label for the RadioSelect will point to the
+ID of the *first* radio button.
+>>> print f
+<tr><th><label for="id_name">Name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="name" id="id_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_language_0">Language:</label></th><td><ul>
+<li><label><input type="radio" id="id_language_0" value="P" name="language" /> Python</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="radio" id="id_language_1" value="J" name="language" /> Java</label></li>
+</ul></td></tr>
+>>> print f.as_ul()
+<li><label for="id_name">Name:</label> <input type="text" name="name" id="id_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_language_0">Language:</label> <ul>
+<li><label><input type="radio" id="id_language_0" value="P" name="language" /> Python</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="radio" id="id_language_1" value="J" name="language" /> Java</label></li>
+</ul></li>
+>>> print f.as_p()
+<p><label for="id_name">Name:</label> <input type="text" name="name" id="id_name" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_language_0">Language:</label> <ul>
+<li><label><input type="radio" id="id_language_0" value="P" name="language" /> Python</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="radio" id="id_language_1" value="J" name="language" /> Java</label></li>
+</ul></p>
+
 MultipleChoiceField is a special case, as its data is required to be a list:
 >>> class SongForm(Form):
 ...     name = CharField()
 ...     composers = MultipleChoiceField()
->>> f = SongForm()
+>>> f = SongForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['composers']
 <select multiple="multiple" name="composers">
 </select>
 >>> class SongForm(Form):
 ...     name = CharField()
 ...     composers = MultipleChoiceField(choices=[('J', 'John Lennon'), ('P', 'Paul McCartney')])
->>> f = SongForm()
+>>> f = SongForm(auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['composers']
 <select multiple="multiple" name="composers">
 <option value="J">John Lennon</option>
 <option value="P">Paul McCartney</option>
 </select>
->>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['P']})
+>>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['P']}, auto_id=False)
 >>> print f['name']
 <input type="text" name="name" value="Yesterday" />
 >>> print f['composers']
@@ -1121,10 +1693,69 @@ MultipleChoiceField is a special case, as its data is required to be a list:
 <option value="P" selected="selected">Paul McCartney</option>
 </select>
 
+MultipleChoiceField can also be used with the CheckboxSelectMultiple widget.
+>>> class SongForm(Form):
+...     name = CharField()
+...     composers = MultipleChoiceField(choices=[('J', 'John Lennon'), ('P', 'Paul McCartney')], widget=CheckboxSelectMultiple)
+>>> f = SongForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print f['composers']
+<ul>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="composers" value="J" /> John Lennon</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="composers" value="P" /> Paul McCartney</label></li>
+</ul>
+>>> f = SongForm({'composers': ['J']}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print f['composers']
+<ul>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="composers" value="J" /> John Lennon</label></li>
+<li><label><input type="checkbox" name="composers" value="P" /> Paul McCartney</label></li>
+</ul>
+>>> f = SongForm({'composers': ['J', 'P']}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print f['composers']
+<ul>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="composers" value="J" /> John Lennon</label></li>
+<li><label><input checked="checked" type="checkbox" name="composers" value="P" /> Paul McCartney</label></li>
+</ul>
+
+Data for a MultipleChoiceField should be a list. QueryDict and MultiValueDict
+conveniently work with this.
+>>> data = {'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['J', 'P']}
+>>> f = SongForm(data)
+>>> f.errors
+{}
+>>> from django.http import QueryDict
+>>> data = QueryDict('name=Yesterday&composers=J&composers=P')
+>>> f = SongForm(data)
+>>> f.errors
+{}
+>>> from django.utils.datastructures import MultiValueDict
+>>> data = MultiValueDict(dict(name='Yesterday', composers=['J', 'P']))
+>>> f = SongForm(data)
+>>> f.errors
+{}
+
+When using CheckboxSelectMultiple, the framework expects a list of input and
+returns a list of input.
+>>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> f.errors
+{'composers': [u'This field is required.']}
+>>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['J']}, auto_id=False)
+>>> f.errors
+{}
+>>> f.clean_data
+{'composers': [u'J'], 'name': u'Yesterday'}
+>>> f = SongForm({'name': 'Yesterday', 'composers': ['J', 'P']}, auto_id=False)
+>>> f.errors
+{}
+>>> f.clean_data
+{'composers': [u'J', u'P'], 'name': u'Yesterday'}
+
 There are a couple of ways to do multiple-field validation. If you want the
 validation message to be associated with a particular field, implement the
 clean_XXX() method on the Form, where XXX is the field name. As in
-Field.clean(), the clean_XXX() method should return the cleaned value:
+Field.clean(), the clean_XXX() method should return the cleaned value. In the
+clean_XXX() method, you have access to self.clean_data, which is a dictionary
+of all the data that has been cleaned *so far*, in order by the fields,
+including the current field (e.g., the field XXX if you're in clean_XXX()).
 >>> class UserRegistration(Form):
 ...    username = CharField(max_length=10)
 ...    password1 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
@@ -1133,23 +1764,28 @@ Field.clean(), the clean_XXX() method should return the cleaned value:
 ...        if self.clean_data.get('password1') and self.clean_data.get('password2') and self.clean_data['password1'] != self.clean_data['password2']:
 ...            raise ValidationError(u'Please make sure your passwords match.')
 ...        return self.clean_data['password2']
->>> f = UserRegistration()
->>> f.errors()
+>>> f = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> f.errors
+{}
+>>> f = UserRegistration({}, auto_id=False)
+>>> f.errors
 {'username': [u'This field is required.'], 'password1': [u'This field is required.'], 'password2': [u'This field is required.']}
->>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'})
->>> f.errors()
+>>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> f.errors
 {'password2': [u'Please make sure your passwords match.']}
->>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'foo'})
->>> f.errors()
+>>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'foo'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> f.errors
 {}
->>> f.clean()
+>>> f.clean_data
 {'username': u'adrian', 'password1': u'foo', 'password2': u'foo'}
 
 Another way of doing multiple-field validation is by implementing the
 Form's clean() method. If you do this, any ValidationError raised by that
 method will not be associated with a particular field; it will have a
-special-case association with the field named '__all__'. Note that
-Form.clean() still needs to return a dictionary of all clean data:
+special-case association with the field named '__all__'.
+Note that in Form.clean(), you have access to self.clean_data, a dictionary of
+all the fields/values that have *not* raised a ValidationError. Also note
+Form.clean() is required to return a dictionary of all clean data.
 >>> class UserRegistration(Form):
 ...    username = CharField(max_length=10)
 ...    password1 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
@@ -1158,34 +1794,36 @@ Form.clean() still needs to return a dictionary of all clean data:
 ...        if self.clean_data.get('password1') and self.clean_data.get('password2') and self.clean_data['password1'] != self.clean_data['password2']:
 ...            raise ValidationError(u'Please make sure your passwords match.')
 ...        return self.clean_data
->>> f = UserRegistration()
+>>> f = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> f.errors
+{}
+>>> f = UserRegistration({}, auto_id=False)
 >>> print f.as_table()
-<tr><td>Username:</td><td><input type="text" name="username" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password1:</td><td><input type="password" name="password1" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password2:</td><td><input type="password" name="password2" /></td></tr>
->>> f.errors()
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Username:</th><td><input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password1:</th><td><input type="password" name="password1" /></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password2:</th><td><input type="password" name="password2" /></td></tr>
+>>> f.errors
 {'username': [u'This field is required.'], 'password1': [u'This field is required.'], 'password2': [u'This field is required.']}
->>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'})
->>> f.errors()
+>>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> f.errors
 {'__all__': [u'Please make sure your passwords match.']}
 >>> print f.as_table()
-<tr><td>Username:</td><td><input type="text" name="username" value="adrian" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password1:</td><td><input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password2:</td><td><input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></td></tr>
->>> print f.as_table_with_errors()
-<tr><td colspan="2"><ul><li>Please make sure your passwords match.</li></ul></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Username:</td><td><input type="text" name="username" value="adrian" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password1:</td><td><input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Password2:</td><td><input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></td></tr>
->>> print f.as_ul_with_errors()
-<li><ul><li>Please make sure your passwords match.</li></ul></li>
-<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" value="adrian" /></li>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>Please make sure your passwords match.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Username:</th><td><input type="text" name="username" value="adrian" maxlength="10" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password1:</th><td><input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password2:</th><td><input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></td></tr>
+>>> print f.as_ul()
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>Please make sure your passwords match.</li></ul></li>
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" value="adrian" maxlength="10" /></li>
 <li>Password1: <input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></li>
 <li>Password2: <input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></li>
->>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'foo'})
->>> f.errors()
+>>> f = UserRegistration({'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'foo'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> f.errors
 {}
->>> f.clean()
+>>> f.clean_data
 {'username': u'adrian', 'password1': u'foo', 'password2': u'foo'}
 
 It's possible to construct a Form dynamically by adding to the self.fields
@@ -1194,14 +1832,431 @@ subclass' __init__().
 >>> class Person(Form):
 ...     first_name = CharField()
 ...     last_name = CharField()
-...     def __init__(self):
-...         super(Person, self).__init__()
+...     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+...         super(Person, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 ...         self.fields['birthday'] = DateField()
->>> p = Person()
+>>> p = Person(auto_id=False)
 >>> print p
-<tr><td>First name:</td><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Last name:</td><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td>Birthday:</td><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>First name:</th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Last name:</th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Birthday:</th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /></td></tr>
+
+HiddenInput widgets are displayed differently in the as_table(), as_ul()
+and as_p() output of a Form -- their verbose names are not displayed, and a
+separate row is not displayed. They're displayed in the last row of the
+form, directly after that row's form element.
+>>> class Person(Form):
+...     first_name = CharField()
+...     last_name = CharField()
+...     hidden_text = CharField(widget=HiddenInput)
+...     birthday = DateField()
+>>> p = Person(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p
+<tr><th>First name:</th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Last name:</th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Birthday:</th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" /></td></tr>
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" /></li>
+<li>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /></li>
+<li>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" /></li>
+>>> print p.as_p()
+<p>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" /></p>
+<p>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" /></p>
+<p>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" /></p>
+
+With auto_id set, a HiddenInput still gets an ID, but it doesn't get a label.
+>>> p = Person(auto_id='id_%s')
+>>> print p
+<tr><th><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label></th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" id="id_hidden_text" /></td></tr>
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" id="id_hidden_text" /></li>
+>>> print p.as_p()
+<p><label for="id_first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="first_name" id="id_first_name" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="last_name" id="id_last_name" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="birthday" id="id_birthday" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" id="id_hidden_text" /></p>
+
+If a field with a HiddenInput has errors, the as_table() and as_ul() output
+will include the error message(s) with the text "(Hidden field [fieldname]) "
+prepended. This message is displayed at the top of the output, regardless of
+its field's order in the form.
+>>> p = Person({'first_name': 'John', 'last_name': 'Lennon', 'birthday': '1940-10-9'}, auto_id=False)
+>>> print p
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>(Hidden field hidden_text) This field is required.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><th>First name:</th><td><input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Last name:</th><td><input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Birthday:</th><td><input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" /></td></tr>
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><ul class="errorlist"><li>(Hidden field hidden_text) This field is required.</li></ul></li>
+<li>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" /></li>
+<li>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" /></li>
+<li>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" /></li>
+>>> print p.as_p()
+<p><ul class="errorlist"><li>(Hidden field hidden_text) This field is required.</li></ul></p>
+<p>First name: <input type="text" name="first_name" value="John" /></p>
+<p>Last name: <input type="text" name="last_name" value="Lennon" /></p>
+<p>Birthday: <input type="text" name="birthday" value="1940-10-9" /><input type="hidden" name="hidden_text" /></p>
+
+A corner case: It's possible for a form to have only HiddenInputs.
+>>> class TestForm(Form):
+...     foo = CharField(widget=HiddenInput)
+...     bar = CharField(widget=HiddenInput)
+>>> p = TestForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_table()
+<input type="hidden" name="foo" /><input type="hidden" name="bar" />
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<input type="hidden" name="foo" /><input type="hidden" name="bar" />
+>>> print p.as_p()
+<input type="hidden" name="foo" /><input type="hidden" name="bar" />
+
+A Form's fields are displayed in the same order in which they were defined.
+>>> class TestForm(Form):
+...     field1 = CharField()
+...     field2 = CharField()
+...     field3 = CharField()
+...     field4 = CharField()
+...     field5 = CharField()
+...     field6 = CharField()
+...     field7 = CharField()
+...     field8 = CharField()
+...     field9 = CharField()
+...     field10 = CharField()
+...     field11 = CharField()
+...     field12 = CharField()
+...     field13 = CharField()
+...     field14 = CharField()
+>>> p = TestForm(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p
+<tr><th>Field1:</th><td><input type="text" name="field1" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field2:</th><td><input type="text" name="field2" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field3:</th><td><input type="text" name="field3" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field4:</th><td><input type="text" name="field4" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field5:</th><td><input type="text" name="field5" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field6:</th><td><input type="text" name="field6" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field7:</th><td><input type="text" name="field7" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field8:</th><td><input type="text" name="field8" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field9:</th><td><input type="text" name="field9" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field10:</th><td><input type="text" name="field10" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field11:</th><td><input type="text" name="field11" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field12:</th><td><input type="text" name="field12" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field13:</th><td><input type="text" name="field13" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Field14:</th><td><input type="text" name="field14" /></td></tr>
+
+Some Field classes have an effect on the HTML attributes of their associated
+Widget. If you set max_length in a CharField and its associated widget is
+either a TextInput or PasswordInput, then the widget's rendered HTML will
+include the "maxlength" attribute.
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10)                   # uses TextInput by default
+...    password = CharField(max_length=10, widget=PasswordInput)
+...    realname = CharField(max_length=10, widget=TextInput) # redundantly define widget, just to test
+...    address = CharField()                                 # no max_length defined here
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Password: <input type="password" name="password" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Realname: <input type="text" name="realname" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Address: <input type="text" name="address" /></li>
+
+If you specify a custom "attrs" that includes the "maxlength" attribute,
+the Field's max_length attribute will override whatever "maxlength" you specify
+in "attrs".
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10, widget=TextInput(attrs={'maxlength': 20}))
+...    password = CharField(max_length=10, widget=PasswordInput)
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Password: <input type="password" name="password" maxlength="10" /></li>
+
+You can specify the label for a field by using the 'label' argument to a Field
+class. If you don't specify 'label', Django will use the field name with
+underscores converted to spaces, and the initial letter capitalized.
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10, label='Your username')
+...    password1 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+...    password2 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput, label='Password (again)')
+>>> p = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></li>
+<li>Password1: <input type="password" name="password1" /></li>
+<li>Password (again): <input type="password" name="password2" /></li>
+
+# Forms with prefixes #########################################################
+
+Sometimes it's necessary to have multiple forms display on the same HTML page,
+or multiple copies of the same form. We can accomplish this with form prefixes.
+Pass the keyword argument 'prefix' to the Form constructor to use this feature.
+This value will be prepended to each HTML form field name. One way to think
+about this is "namespaces for HTML forms". Notice that in the data argument,
+each field's key has the prefix, in this case 'person1', prepended to the
+actual field name.
+>>> class Person(Form):
+...     first_name = CharField()
+...     last_name = CharField()
+...     birthday = DateField()
+>>> data = {
+...     'person1-first_name': u'John',
+...     'person1-last_name': u'Lennon',
+...     'person1-birthday': u'1940-10-9'
+... }
+>>> p = Person(data, prefix='person1')
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><label for="id_person1-first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="person1-first_name" value="John" id="id_person1-first_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_person1-last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="person1-last_name" value="Lennon" id="id_person1-last_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_person1-birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="person1-birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_person1-birthday" /></li>
+>>> print p['first_name']
+<input type="text" name="person1-first_name" value="John" id="id_person1-first_name" />
+>>> print p['last_name']
+<input type="text" name="person1-last_name" value="Lennon" id="id_person1-last_name" />
+>>> print p['birthday']
+<input type="text" name="person1-birthday" value="1940-10-9" id="id_person1-birthday" />
+>>> p.errors
+{}
+>>> p.is_valid()
+True
+>>> p.clean_data
+{'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': datetime.date(1940, 10, 9)}
+
+Let's try submitting some bad data to make sure form.errors and field.errors
+work as expected.
+>>> data = {
+...     'person1-first_name': u'',
+...     'person1-last_name': u'',
+...     'person1-birthday': u''
+... }
+>>> p = Person(data, prefix='person1')
+>>> p.errors
+{'first_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'last_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'birthday': [u'This field is required.']}
+>>> p['first_name'].errors
+[u'This field is required.']
+>>> p['person1-first_name'].errors
+Traceback (most recent call last):
+...
+KeyError: "Key 'person1-first_name' not found in Form"
+
+In this example, the data doesn't have a prefix, but the form requires it, so
+the form doesn't "see" the fields.
+>>> data = {
+...     'first_name': u'John',
+...     'last_name': u'Lennon',
+...     'birthday': u'1940-10-9'
+... }
+>>> p = Person(data, prefix='person1')
+>>> p.errors
+{'first_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'last_name': [u'This field is required.'], 'birthday': [u'This field is required.']}
+
+With prefixes, a single data dictionary can hold data for multiple instances
+of the same form.
+>>> data = {
+...     'person1-first_name': u'John',
+...     'person1-last_name': u'Lennon',
+...     'person1-birthday': u'1940-10-9',
+...     'person2-first_name': u'Jim',
+...     'person2-last_name': u'Morrison',
+...     'person2-birthday': u'1943-12-8'
+... }
+>>> p1 = Person(data, prefix='person1')
+>>> p1.is_valid()
+True
+>>> p1.clean_data
+{'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': datetime.date(1940, 10, 9)}
+>>> p2 = Person(data, prefix='person2')
+>>> p2.is_valid()
+True
+>>> p2.clean_data
+{'first_name': u'Jim', 'last_name': u'Morrison', 'birthday': datetime.date(1943, 12, 8)}
+
+By default, forms append a hyphen between the prefix and the field name, but a
+form can alter that behavior by implementing the add_prefix() method. This
+method takes a field name and returns the prefixed field, according to
+self.prefix.
+>>> class Person(Form):
+...     first_name = CharField()
+...     last_name = CharField()
+...     birthday = DateField()
+...     def add_prefix(self, field_name):
+...         return self.prefix and '%s-prefix-%s' % (self.prefix, field_name) or field_name
+>>> p = Person(prefix='foo')
+>>> print p.as_ul()
+<li><label for="id_foo-prefix-first_name">First name:</label> <input type="text" name="foo-prefix-first_name" id="id_foo-prefix-first_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_foo-prefix-last_name">Last name:</label> <input type="text" name="foo-prefix-last_name" id="id_foo-prefix-last_name" /></li>
+<li><label for="id_foo-prefix-birthday">Birthday:</label> <input type="text" name="foo-prefix-birthday" id="id_foo-prefix-birthday" /></li>
+>>> data = {
+...     'foo-prefix-first_name': u'John',
+...     'foo-prefix-last_name': u'Lennon',
+...     'foo-prefix-birthday': u'1940-10-9'
+... }
+>>> p = Person(data, prefix='foo')
+>>> p.is_valid()
+True
+>>> p.clean_data
+{'first_name': u'John', 'last_name': u'Lennon', 'birthday': datetime.date(1940, 10, 9)}
+
+# Basic form processing in a view #############################################
+
+>>> from django.template import Template, Context
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10)
+...    password1 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+...    password2 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+...    def clean(self):
+...        if self.clean_data.get('password1') and self.clean_data.get('password2') and self.clean_data['password1'] != self.clean_data['password2']:
+...            raise ValidationError(u'Please make sure your passwords match.')
+...        return self.clean_data
+>>> def my_function(method, post_data):
+...     if method == 'POST':
+...         form = UserRegistration(post_data, auto_id=False)
+...     else:
+...         form = UserRegistration(auto_id=False)
+...     if form.is_valid():
+...         return 'VALID: %r' % form.clean_data
+...     t = Template('<form action="" method="post">\n<table>\n{{ form }}\n</table>\n<input type="submit" />\n</form>')
+...     return t.render(Context({'form': form}))
+
+Case 1: GET (an empty form, with no errors).
+>>> print my_function('GET', {})
+<form action="" method="post">
+<table>
+<tr><th>Username:</th><td><input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password1:</th><td><input type="password" name="password1" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password2:</th><td><input type="password" name="password2" /></td></tr>
+</table>
+<input type="submit" />
+</form>
+
+Case 2: POST with erroneous data (a redisplayed form, with errors).
+>>> print my_function('POST', {'username': 'this-is-a-long-username', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'})
+<form action="" method="post">
+<table>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>Please make sure your passwords match.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><td colspan="2"><ul class="errorlist"><li>Ensure this value has at most 10 characters.</li></ul></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Username:</th><td><input type="text" name="username" value="this-is-a-long-username" maxlength="10" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password1:</th><td><input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></td></tr>
+<tr><th>Password2:</th><td><input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></td></tr>
+</table>
+<input type="submit" />
+</form>
+
+Case 3: POST with valid data (the success message).
+>>> print my_function('POST', {'username': 'adrian', 'password1': 'secret', 'password2': 'secret'})
+VALID: {'username': u'adrian', 'password1': u'secret', 'password2': u'secret'}
+
+# Some ideas for using templates with forms ###################################
+
+>>> class UserRegistration(Form):
+...    username = CharField(max_length=10)
+...    password1 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+...    password2 = CharField(widget=PasswordInput)
+...    def clean(self):
+...        if self.clean_data.get('password1') and self.clean_data.get('password2') and self.clean_data['password1'] != self.clean_data['password2']:
+...            raise ValidationError(u'Please make sure your passwords match.')
+...        return self.clean_data
+
+You have full flexibility in displaying form fields in a template. Just pass a
+Form instance to the template, and use "dot" access to refer to individual
+fields. Note, however, that this flexibility comes with the responsibility of
+displaying all the errors, including any that might not be associated with a
+particular field.
+>>> t = Template('''<form action="">
+... {{ form.username.errors.as_ul }}<p><label>Your username: {{ form.username }}</label></p>
+... {{ form.password1.errors.as_ul }}<p><label>Password: {{ form.password1 }}</label></p>
+... {{ form.password2.errors.as_ul }}<p><label>Password (again): {{ form.password2 }}</label></p>
+... <input type="submit" />
+... </form>''')
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration(auto_id=False)}))
+<form action="">
+<p><label>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Password: <input type="password" name="password1" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Password (again): <input type="password" name="password2" /></label></p>
+<input type="submit" />
+</form>
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration({'username': 'django'}, auto_id=False)}))
+<form action="">
+<p><label>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" value="django" maxlength="10" /></label></p>
+<ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><p><label>Password: <input type="password" name="password1" /></label></p>
+<ul class="errorlist"><li>This field is required.</li></ul><p><label>Password (again): <input type="password" name="password2" /></label></p>
+<input type="submit" />
+</form>
+
+Use form.[field].label to output a field's label. You can specify the label for
+a field by using the 'label' argument to a Field class. If you don't specify
+'label', Django will use the field name with underscores converted to spaces,
+and the initial letter capitalized.
+>>> t = Template('''<form action="">
+... <p><label>{{ form.username.label }}: {{ form.username }}</label></p>
+... <p><label>{{ form.password1.label }}: {{ form.password1 }}</label></p>
+... <p><label>{{ form.password2.label }}: {{ form.password2 }}</label></p>
+... <input type="submit" />
+... </form>''')
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration(auto_id=False)}))
+<form action="">
+<p><label>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Password1: <input type="password" name="password1" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Password2: <input type="password" name="password2" /></label></p>
+<input type="submit" />
+</form>
+
+User form.[field].label_tag to output a field's label with a <label> tag
+wrapped around it, but *only* if the given field has an "id" attribute.
+Recall from above that passing the "auto_id" argument to a Form gives each
+field an "id" attribute.
+>>> t = Template('''<form action="">
+... <p>{{ form.username.label_tag }}: {{ form.username }}</p>
+... <p>{{ form.password1.label_tag }}: {{ form.password1 }}</p>
+... <p>{{ form.password2.label_tag }}: {{ form.password2 }}</p>
+... <input type="submit" />
+... </form>''')
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration(auto_id=False)}))
+<form action="">
+<p>Username: <input type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></p>
+<p>Password1: <input type="password" name="password1" /></p>
+<p>Password2: <input type="password" name="password2" /></p>
+<input type="submit" />
+</form>
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration(auto_id='id_%s')}))
+<form action="">
+<p><label for="id_username">Username</label>: <input id="id_username" type="text" name="username" maxlength="10" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_password1">Password1</label>: <input type="password" name="password1" id="id_password1" /></p>
+<p><label for="id_password2">Password2</label>: <input type="password" name="password2" id="id_password2" /></p>
+<input type="submit" />
+</form>
+
+To display the errors that aren't associated with a particular field -- e.g.,
+the errors caused by Form.clean() -- use {{ form.non_field_errors }} in the
+template. If used on its own, it is displayed as a <ul> (or an empty string, if
+the list of errors is empty). You can also use it in {% if %} statements.
+>>> t = Template('''<form action="">
+... {{ form.username.errors.as_ul }}<p><label>Your username: {{ form.username }}</label></p>
+... {{ form.password1.errors.as_ul }}<p><label>Password: {{ form.password1 }}</label></p>
+... {{ form.password2.errors.as_ul }}<p><label>Password (again): {{ form.password2 }}</label></p>
+... <input type="submit" />
+... </form>''')
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration({'username': 'django', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'}, auto_id=False)}))
+<form action="">
+<p><label>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" value="django" maxlength="10" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Password: <input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Password (again): <input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></label></p>
+<input type="submit" />
+</form>
+>>> t = Template('''<form action="">
+... {{ form.non_field_errors }}
+... {{ form.username.errors.as_ul }}<p><label>Your username: {{ form.username }}</label></p>
+... {{ form.password1.errors.as_ul }}<p><label>Password: {{ form.password1 }}</label></p>
+... {{ form.password2.errors.as_ul }}<p><label>Password (again): {{ form.password2 }}</label></p>
+... <input type="submit" />
+... </form>''')
+>>> print t.render(Context({'form': UserRegistration({'username': 'django', 'password1': 'foo', 'password2': 'bar'}, auto_id=False)}))
+<form action="">
+<ul class="errorlist"><li>Please make sure your passwords match.</li></ul>
+<p><label>Your username: <input type="text" name="username" value="django" maxlength="10" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Password: <input type="password" name="password1" value="foo" /></label></p>
+<p><label>Password (again): <input type="password" name="password2" value="bar" /></label></p>
+<input type="submit" />
+</form>
 """
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
diff --git a/tests/regressiontests/templates/tests.py b/tests/regressiontests/templates/tests.py
index 3c31bb0604..0a41f5b5b7 100644
--- a/tests/regressiontests/templates/tests.py
+++ b/tests/regressiontests/templates/tests.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 from django.conf import settings
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
@@ -62,6 +63,11 @@ class OtherClass:
     def method(self):
         return "OtherClass.method"
 
+class UnicodeInStrClass:
+    "Class whose __str__ returns a Unicode object."
+    def __str__(self):
+        return u'ŠĐĆŽćžšđ'
+
 class Templates(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_templates(self):
         # NOW and NOW_tz are used by timesince tag tests.
@@ -173,6 +179,10 @@ class Templates(unittest.TestCase):
             # Empty strings can be passed as arguments to filters
             'basic-syntax36': (r'{{ var|join:"" }}', {'var': ['a', 'b', 'c']}, 'abc'),
 
+            # If a variable has a __str__() that returns a Unicode object, the value
+            # will be converted to a bytestring.
+            'basic-syntax37': (r'{{ var }}', {'var': UnicodeInStrClass()}, '\xc5\xa0\xc4\x90\xc4\x86\xc5\xbd\xc4\x87\xc5\xbe\xc5\xa1\xc4\x91'),
+
             ### COMMENT SYNTAX ########################################################
             'comment-syntax01': ("{# this is hidden #}hello", {}, "hello"),
             'comment-syntax02': ("{# this is hidden #}hello{# foo #}", {}, "hello"),
@@ -328,18 +338,18 @@ class Templates(unittest.TestCase):
             'ifchanged05': ('{% for n in num %}{% ifchanged %}{{ n }}{% endifchanged %}{% for x in numx %}{% ifchanged %}{{ x }}{% endifchanged %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', { 'num': (1, 1, 1), 'numx': (1, 2, 3)}, '1123123123'),
             'ifchanged06': ('{% for n in num %}{% ifchanged %}{{ n }}{% endifchanged %}{% for x in numx %}{% ifchanged %}{{ x }}{% endifchanged %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', { 'num': (1, 1, 1), 'numx': (2, 2, 2)}, '1222'),
             'ifchanged07': ('{% for n in num %}{% ifchanged %}{{ n }}{% endifchanged %}{% for x in numx %}{% ifchanged %}{{ x }}{% endifchanged %}{% for y in numy %}{% ifchanged %}{{ y }}{% endifchanged %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', { 'num': (1, 1, 1), 'numx': (2, 2, 2), 'numy': (3, 3, 3)}, '1233323332333'),
-            
+
             # Test one parameter given to ifchanged.
             'ifchanged-param01': ('{% for n in num %}{% ifchanged n %}..{% endifchanged %}{{ n }}{% endfor %}', { 'num': (1,2,3) }, '..1..2..3'),
             'ifchanged-param02': ('{% for n in num %}{% for x in numx %}{% ifchanged n %}..{% endifchanged %}{{ x }}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', { 'num': (1,2,3), 'numx': (5,6,7) }, '..567..567..567'),
-            
+
             # Test multiple parameters to ifchanged.
             'ifchanged-param03': ('{% for n in num %}{{ n }}{% for x in numx %}{% ifchanged x n %}{{ x }}{% endifchanged %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', { 'num': (1,1,2), 'numx': (5,6,6) }, '156156256'),
-            
+
             # Test a date+hour like construct, where the hour of the last day
             # is the same but the date had changed, so print the hour anyway.
             'ifchanged-param04': ('{% for d in days %}{% ifchanged %}{{ d.day }}{% endifchanged %}{% for h in d.hours %}{% ifchanged d h %}{{ h }}{% endifchanged %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', {'days':[{'day':1, 'hours':[1,2,3]},{'day':2, 'hours':[3]},] }, '112323'),
-            
+
             # Logically the same as above, just written with explicit
             # ifchanged for the day.
             'ifchanged-param04': ('{% for d in days %}{% ifchanged d.day %}{{ d.day }}{% endifchanged %}{% for h in d.hours %}{% ifchanged d.day h %}{{ h }}{% endifchanged %}{% endfor %}{% endfor %}', {'days':[{'day':1, 'hours':[1,2,3]},{'day':2, 'hours':[3]},] }, '112323'),
diff --git a/tests/runtests.py b/tests/runtests.py
index 359fca2bf5..20189c2d99 100755
--- a/tests/runtests.py
+++ b/tests/runtests.py
@@ -40,12 +40,12 @@ def get_invalid_models():
             if f.startswith('invalid'):
                 models.append((loc, f))
     return models
-                
+
 class InvalidModelTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
     def __init__(self, model_label):
         unittest.TestCase.__init__(self)
         self.model_label = model_label
-        
+
     def runTest(self):
         from django.core import management
         from django.db.models.loading import load_app
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class InvalidModelTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
             module = load_app(self.model_label)
         except Exception, e:
             self.fail('Unable to load invalid model module')
-        
+
         s = StringIO()
         count = management.get_validation_errors(s, module)
         s.seek(0)
@@ -71,39 +71,43 @@ class InvalidModelTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
 
 def django_tests(verbosity, tests_to_run):
     from django.conf import settings
-    from django.db.models.loading import get_apps, load_app
 
     old_installed_apps = settings.INSTALLED_APPS
     old_test_database_name = settings.TEST_DATABASE_NAME
     old_root_urlconf = settings.ROOT_URLCONF
     old_template_dirs = settings.TEMPLATE_DIRS
-    
+    old_use_i18n = settings.USE_I18N
+
     # Redirect some settings for the duration of these tests
     settings.TEST_DATABASE_NAME = TEST_DATABASE_NAME
     settings.INSTALLED_APPS = ALWAYS_INSTALLED_APPS
     settings.ROOT_URLCONF = 'urls'
     settings.TEMPLATE_DIRS = (os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), TEST_TEMPLATE_DIR),)
-    
-    # load all the ALWAYS_INSTALLED_APPS
+    settings.USE_I18N = True
+
+    # Load all the ALWAYS_INSTALLED_APPS.
+    # (This import statement is intentionally delayed until after we
+    # access settings because of the USE_I18N dependency.)
+    from django.db.models.loading import get_apps, load_app
     get_apps()
-    
+
     # Load all the test model apps
     test_models = []
-    for model_dir, model_name in get_test_models():        
+    for model_dir, model_name in get_test_models():
         model_label = '.'.join([model_dir, model_name])
         try:
             # if the model was named on the command line, or
-            # no models were named (i.e., run all), import 
+            # no models were named (i.e., run all), import
             # this model and add it to the list to test.
             if not tests_to_run or model_name in tests_to_run:
                 if verbosity >= 1:
                     print "Importing model %s" % model_name
                 mod = load_app(model_label)
-                settings.INSTALLED_APPS.append(model_label)        
+                settings.INSTALLED_APPS.append(model_label)
                 test_models.append(mod)
         except Exception, e:
             sys.stderr.write("Error while importing %s:" % model_name + ''.join(traceback.format_exception(*sys.exc_info())[1:]))
-            continue    
+            continue
 
     # Add tests for invalid models
     extra_tests = []
@@ -111,28 +115,29 @@ def django_tests(verbosity, tests_to_run):
         model_label = '.'.join([model_dir, model_name])
         if not tests_to_run or model_name in tests_to_run:
             extra_tests.append(InvalidModelTestCase(model_label))
-    
+
     # Run the test suite, including the extra validation tests.
     from django.test.simple import run_tests
     run_tests(test_models, verbosity, extra_tests=extra_tests)
-  
+
     # Restore the old settings
     settings.INSTALLED_APPS = old_installed_apps
     settings.TESTS_DATABASE_NAME = old_test_database_name
     settings.ROOT_URLCONF = old_root_urlconf
     settings.TEMPLATE_DIRS = old_template_dirs
-    
+    settings.USE_I18N = old_use_i18n
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     from optparse import OptionParser
     usage = "%prog [options] [model model model ...]"
     parser = OptionParser(usage=usage)
     parser.add_option('-v','--verbosity', action='store', dest='verbosity', default='0',
         type='choice', choices=['0', '1', '2'],
-        help='Verbosity level; 0=minimal output, 1=normal output, 2=all output')    
+        help='Verbosity level; 0=minimal output, 1=normal output, 2=all output')
     parser.add_option('--settings',
         help='Python path to settings module, e.g. "myproject.settings". If this isn\'t provided, the DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE environment variable will be used.')
     options, args = parser.parse_args()
     if options.settings:
         os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = options.settings
-        
+
     django_tests(int(options.verbosity), args)