Reorganized text db function tests.

16 files changed, 277 insertions, 264 deletions

diff --git a/tests/db_functions/tests.py b/tests/db_functions/tests.py
index 4331e02ef6..507d2669b8 100644
--- a/tests/db_functions/tests.py
+++ b/tests/db_functions/tests.py
@@ -6,8 +6,7 @@ from django.db import connection
 from django.db.models import CharField, TextField, Value as V
 from django.db.models.expressions import RawSQL
 from django.db.models.functions import (
-    Coalesce, Concat, ConcatPair, Greatest, Least, Length, Lower, Now,
-    StrIndex, Substr, Upper,
+    Coalesce, Greatest, Least, Length, Lower, Now, Upper,
 )
 from django.test import TestCase, skipIfDBFeature, skipUnlessDBFeature
 from django.utils import timezone
@@ -311,214 +310,6 @@ class FunctionTests(TestCase):
             [obj],
         )
 
-    def test_concat(self):
-        Author.objects.create(name='Jayden')
-        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj', goes_by='John')
-        Author.objects.create(name='Margaret', goes_by='Maggie')
-        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda', alias='adnohR')
-
-        authors = Author.objects.annotate(joined=Concat('alias', 'goes_by'))
-        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-            authors.order_by('name'), [
-                '',
-                'smithjJohn',
-                'Maggie',
-                'adnohR',
-            ],
-            lambda a: a.joined
-        )
-
-        with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, 'Concat must take at least two expressions'):
-            Author.objects.annotate(joined=Concat('alias'))
-
-    def test_concat_many(self):
-        Author.objects.create(name='Jayden')
-        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj', goes_by='John')
-        Author.objects.create(name='Margaret', goes_by='Maggie')
-        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda', alias='adnohR')
-
-        authors = Author.objects.annotate(
-            joined=Concat('name', V(' ('), 'goes_by', V(')'), output_field=CharField()),
-        )
-
-        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-            authors.order_by('name'), [
-                'Jayden ()',
-                'John Smith (John)',
-                'Margaret (Maggie)',
-                'Rhonda ()',
-            ],
-            lambda a: a.joined
-        )
-
-    def test_concat_mixed_char_text(self):
-        Article.objects.create(title='The Title', text=lorem_ipsum, written=timezone.now())
-        article = Article.objects.annotate(
-            title_text=Concat('title', V(' - '), 'text', output_field=TextField()),
-        ).get(title='The Title')
-        self.assertEqual(article.title + ' - ' + article.text, article.title_text)
-
-        # wrap the concat in something else to ensure that we're still
-        # getting text rather than bytes
-        article = Article.objects.annotate(
-            title_text=Upper(Concat('title', V(' - '), 'text', output_field=TextField())),
-        ).get(title='The Title')
-        expected = article.title + ' - ' + article.text
-        self.assertEqual(expected.upper(), article.title_text)
-
-    @skipUnless(connection.vendor == 'sqlite', "sqlite specific implementation detail.")
-    def test_concat_coalesce_idempotent(self):
-        pair = ConcatPair(V('a'), V('b'))
-        # Check nodes counts
-        self.assertEqual(len(list(pair.flatten())), 3)
-        self.assertEqual(len(list(pair.coalesce().flatten())), 7)  # + 2 Coalesce + 2 Value()
-        self.assertEqual(len(list(pair.flatten())), 3)
-
-    def test_concat_sql_generation_idempotency(self):
-        qs = Article.objects.annotate(description=Concat('title', V(': '), 'summary'))
-        # Multiple compilations should not alter the generated query.
-        self.assertEqual(str(qs.query), str(qs.all().query))
-
-    def test_lower(self):
-        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
-        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
-        authors = Author.objects.annotate(lower_name=Lower('name'))
-
-        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-            authors.order_by('name'), [
-                'john smith',
-                'rhonda',
-            ],
-            lambda a: a.lower_name
-        )
-
-        Author.objects.update(name=Lower('name'))
-        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-            authors.order_by('name'), [
-                ('john smith', 'john smith'),
-                ('rhonda', 'rhonda'),
-            ],
-            lambda a: (a.lower_name, a.name)
-        )
-
-        with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, "'Lower' takes exactly 1 argument (2 given)"):
-            Author.objects.update(name=Lower('name', 'name'))
-
-    def test_upper(self):
-        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
-        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
-        authors = Author.objects.annotate(upper_name=Upper('name'))
-
-        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-            authors.order_by('name'), [
-                'JOHN SMITH',
-                'RHONDA',
-            ],
-            lambda a: a.upper_name
-        )
-
-        Author.objects.update(name=Upper('name'))
-        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-            authors.order_by('name'), [
-                ('JOHN SMITH', 'JOHN SMITH'),
-                ('RHONDA', 'RHONDA'),
-            ],
-            lambda a: (a.upper_name, a.name)
-        )
-
-    def test_length(self):
-        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
-        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
-        authors = Author.objects.annotate(
-            name_length=Length('name'),
-            alias_length=Length('alias'))
-
-        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-            authors.order_by('name'), [
-                (10, 6),
-                (6, None),
-            ],
-            lambda a: (a.name_length, a.alias_length)
-        )
-
-        self.assertEqual(authors.filter(alias_length__lte=Length('name')).count(), 1)
-
-    def test_length_ordering(self):
-        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
-        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj1')
-        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda', alias='ronny')
-
-        authors = Author.objects.order_by(Length('name'), Length('alias'))
-
-        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-            authors, [
-                ('Rhonda', 'ronny'),
-                ('John Smith', 'smithj'),
-                ('John Smith', 'smithj1'),
-            ],
-            lambda a: (a.name, a.alias)
-        )
-
-    def test_substr(self):
-        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
-        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
-        authors = Author.objects.annotate(name_part=Substr('name', 5, 3))
-
-        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-            authors.order_by('name'), [
-                ' Sm',
-                'da',
-            ],
-            lambda a: a.name_part
-        )
-
-        authors = Author.objects.annotate(name_part=Substr('name', 2))
-        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-            authors.order_by('name'), [
-                'ohn Smith',
-                'honda',
-            ],
-            lambda a: a.name_part
-        )
-
-        # if alias is null, set to first 5 lower characters of the name
-        Author.objects.filter(alias__isnull=True).update(
-            alias=Lower(Substr('name', 1, 5)),
-        )
-
-        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-            authors.order_by('name'), [
-                'smithj',
-                'rhond',
-            ],
-            lambda a: a.alias
-        )
-
-    def test_substr_start(self):
-        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
-        a = Author.objects.annotate(
-            name_part_1=Substr('name', 1),
-            name_part_2=Substr('name', 2),
-        ).get(alias='smithj')
-
-        self.assertEqual(a.name_part_1[1:], a.name_part_2)
-
-        with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, "'pos' must be greater than 0"):
-            Author.objects.annotate(raises=Substr('name', 0))
-
-    def test_substr_with_expressions(self):
-        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
-        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
-        substr = Substr(Upper('name'), StrIndex('name', V('h')), 5, output_field=CharField())
-        authors = Author.objects.annotate(name_part=substr)
-        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-            authors.order_by('name'), [
-                'HN SM',
-                'HONDA',
-            ],
-            lambda a: a.name_part
-        )
-
     def test_nested_function_ordering(self):
         Author.objects.create(name='John Smith')
         Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda Simpson', alias='ronny')
@@ -578,51 +369,6 @@ class FunctionTests(TestCase):
             lambda a: a.title
         )
 
-    def test_length_transform(self):
-        try:
-            CharField.register_lookup(Length)
-            Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
-            Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
-            authors = Author.objects.filter(name__length__gt=7)
-            self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-                authors.order_by('name'), [
-                    'John Smith',
-                ],
-                lambda a: a.name
-            )
-        finally:
-            CharField._unregister_lookup(Length)
-
-    def test_lower_transform(self):
-        try:
-            CharField.register_lookup(Lower)
-            Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
-            Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
-            authors = Author.objects.filter(name__lower__exact='john smith')
-            self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-                authors.order_by('name'), [
-                    'John Smith',
-                ],
-                lambda a: a.name
-            )
-        finally:
-            CharField._unregister_lookup(Lower)
-
-    def test_upper_transform(self):
-        try:
-            CharField.register_lookup(Upper)
-            Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
-            Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
-            authors = Author.objects.filter(name__upper__exact='JOHN SMITH')
-            self.assertQuerysetEqual(
-                authors.order_by('name'), [
-                    'John Smith',
-                ],
-                lambda a: a.name
-            )
-        finally:
-            CharField._unregister_lookup(Upper)
-
     def test_func_transform_bilateral(self):
         class UpperBilateral(Upper):
             bilateral = True
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/text/__init__.py b/tests/db_functions/text/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/__init__.py
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/test_chr.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_chr.py
index 0b4b0cc77c..d48793457a 100644
--- a/tests/db_functions/test_chr.py
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_chr.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.db.models import IntegerField
 from django.db.models.functions import Chr, Left, Ord
 from django.test import TestCase
 
-from .models import Author
+from ..models import Author
 
 
 class ChrTests(TestCase):
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/text/test_concat.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_concat.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9850b2fd0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_concat.py
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+from unittest import skipUnless
+
+from django.db import connection
+from django.db.models import CharField, TextField, Value as V
+from django.db.models.functions import Concat, ConcatPair, Upper
+from django.test import TestCase
+from django.utils import timezone
+
+from ..models import Article, Author
+
+lorem_ipsum = """
+    Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod
+    tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua."""
+
+
+class ConcatTests(TestCase):
+
+    def test_basic(self):
+        Author.objects.create(name='Jayden')
+        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj', goes_by='John')
+        Author.objects.create(name='Margaret', goes_by='Maggie')
+        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda', alias='adnohR')
+        authors = Author.objects.annotate(joined=Concat('alias', 'goes_by'))
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            authors.order_by('name'), [
+                '',
+                'smithjJohn',
+                'Maggie',
+                'adnohR',
+            ],
+            lambda a: a.joined
+        )
+
+    def test_gt_two_expressions(self):
+        with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, 'Concat must take at least two expressions'):
+            Author.objects.annotate(joined=Concat('alias'))
+
+    def test_many(self):
+        Author.objects.create(name='Jayden')
+        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj', goes_by='John')
+        Author.objects.create(name='Margaret', goes_by='Maggie')
+        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda', alias='adnohR')
+        authors = Author.objects.annotate(
+            joined=Concat('name', V(' ('), 'goes_by', V(')'), output_field=CharField()),
+        )
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            authors.order_by('name'), [
+                'Jayden ()',
+                'John Smith (John)',
+                'Margaret (Maggie)',
+                'Rhonda ()',
+            ],
+            lambda a: a.joined
+        )
+
+    def test_mixed_char_text(self):
+        Article.objects.create(title='The Title', text=lorem_ipsum, written=timezone.now())
+        article = Article.objects.annotate(
+            title_text=Concat('title', V(' - '), 'text', output_field=TextField()),
+        ).get(title='The Title')
+        self.assertEqual(article.title + ' - ' + article.text, article.title_text)
+        # Wrap the concat in something else to ensure that text is returned
+        # rather than bytes.
+        article = Article.objects.annotate(
+            title_text=Upper(Concat('title', V(' - '), 'text', output_field=TextField())),
+        ).get(title='The Title')
+        expected = article.title + ' - ' + article.text
+        self.assertEqual(expected.upper(), article.title_text)
+
+    @skipUnless(connection.vendor == 'sqlite', "sqlite specific implementation detail.")
+    def test_coalesce_idempotent(self):
+        pair = ConcatPair(V('a'), V('b'))
+        # Check nodes counts
+        self.assertEqual(len(list(pair.flatten())), 3)
+        self.assertEqual(len(list(pair.coalesce().flatten())), 7)  # + 2 Coalesce + 2 Value()
+        self.assertEqual(len(list(pair.flatten())), 3)
+
+    def test_sql_generation_idempotency(self):
+        qs = Article.objects.annotate(description=Concat('title', V(': '), 'summary'))
+        # Multiple compilations should not alter the generated query.
+        self.assertEqual(str(qs.query), str(qs.all().query))
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/test_left.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_left.py
index f853ac21ac..5bb3d6c4fa 100644
--- a/tests/db_functions/test_left.py
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_left.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.db.models import CharField, Value
 from django.db.models.functions import Left, Lower
 from django.test import TestCase
 
-from .models import Author
+from ..models import Author
 
 
 class LeftTests(TestCase):
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/text/test_length.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_length.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8fbe6887aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_length.py
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+from django.db.models import CharField
+from django.db.models.functions import Length
+from django.test import TestCase
+
+from ..models import Author
+
+
+class LengthTests(TestCase):
+
+    def test_basic(self):
+        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
+        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
+        authors = Author.objects.annotate(
+            name_length=Length('name'),
+            alias_length=Length('alias'),
+        )
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            authors.order_by('name'), [(10, 6), (6, None)],
+            lambda a: (a.name_length, a.alias_length)
+        )
+        self.assertEqual(authors.filter(alias_length__lte=Length('name')).count(), 1)
+
+    def test_ordering(self):
+        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
+        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj1')
+        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda', alias='ronny')
+        authors = Author.objects.order_by(Length('name'), Length('alias'))
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            authors, [
+                ('Rhonda', 'ronny'),
+                ('John Smith', 'smithj'),
+                ('John Smith', 'smithj1'),
+            ],
+            lambda a: (a.name, a.alias)
+        )
+
+    def test_transform(self):
+        try:
+            CharField.register_lookup(Length)
+            Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
+            Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
+            authors = Author.objects.filter(name__length__gt=7)
+            self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+                authors.order_by('name'), ['John Smith'],
+                lambda a: a.name
+            )
+        finally:
+            CharField._unregister_lookup(Length)
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/text/test_lower.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_lower.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f438682f1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_lower.py
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+from django.db.models import CharField
+from django.db.models.functions import Lower
+from django.test import TestCase
+
+from ..models import Author
+
+
+class LowerTests(TestCase):
+
+    def test_basic(self):
+        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
+        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
+        authors = Author.objects.annotate(lower_name=Lower('name'))
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            authors.order_by('name'), ['john smith', 'rhonda'],
+            lambda a: a.lower_name
+        )
+        Author.objects.update(name=Lower('name'))
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            authors.order_by('name'), [
+                ('john smith', 'john smith'),
+                ('rhonda', 'rhonda'),
+            ],
+            lambda a: (a.lower_name, a.name)
+        )
+
+    def test_num_args(self):
+        with self.assertRaisesMessage(TypeError, "'Lower' takes exactly 1 argument (2 given)"):
+            Author.objects.update(name=Lower('name', 'name'))
+
+    def test_transform(self):
+        try:
+            CharField.register_lookup(Lower)
+            Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
+            Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
+            authors = Author.objects.filter(name__lower__exact='john smith')
+            self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+                authors.order_by('name'), ['John Smith'],
+                lambda a: a.name
+            )
+        finally:
+            CharField._unregister_lookup(Lower)
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/test_ord.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_ord.py
index 93ec38b076..c4ad730f6c 100644
--- a/tests/db_functions/test_ord.py
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_ord.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.db.models import CharField, Value
 from django.db.models.functions import Left, Ord
 from django.test import TestCase
 
-from .models import Author
+from ..models import Author
 
 
 class OrdTests(TestCase):
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/test_pad.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_pad.py
index 1c2caf06b5..2cec280b4d 100644
--- a/tests/db_functions/test_pad.py
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_pad.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.db.models import CharField, Value
 from django.db.models.functions import Length, LPad, RPad
 from django.test import TestCase
 
-from .models import Author
+from ..models import Author
 
 
 class PadTests(TestCase):
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/test_repeat.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_repeat.py
index d3f294c409..f45544d97e 100644
--- a/tests/db_functions/test_repeat.py
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_repeat.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.db.models import CharField, Value
 from django.db.models.functions import Length, Repeat
 from django.test import TestCase
 
-from .models import Author
+from ..models import Author
 
 
 class RepeatTests(TestCase):
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/test_replace.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_replace.py
index 91a1749d70..ae87781b8c 100644
--- a/tests/db_functions/test_replace.py
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_replace.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.db.models import F, Value
 from django.db.models.functions import Concat, Replace
 from django.test import TestCase
 
-from .models import Author
+from ..models import Author
 
 
 class ReplaceTests(TestCase):
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/test_right.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_right.py
index b75bfd5155..6dcbcc18f5 100644
--- a/tests/db_functions/test_right.py
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_right.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.db.models import CharField, Value
 from django.db.models.functions import Lower, Right
 from django.test import TestCase
 
-from .models import Author
+from ..models import Author
 
 
 class RightTests(TestCase):
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/test_strindex.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_strindex.py
index 32a153bcbc..1670df00fd 100644
--- a/tests/db_functions/test_strindex.py
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_strindex.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ from django.db.models.functions import StrIndex
 from django.test import TestCase
 from django.utils import timezone
 
-from .models import Article, Author
+from ..models import Article, Author
 
 
 class StrIndexTests(TestCase):
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/text/test_substr.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_substr.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5cc12c0288
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_substr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+from django.db.models import CharField, Value as V
+from django.db.models.functions import Lower, StrIndex, Substr, Upper
+from django.test import TestCase
+
+from ..models import Author
+
+
+class SubstrTests(TestCase):
+
+    def test_basic(self):
+        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
+        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
+        authors = Author.objects.annotate(name_part=Substr('name', 5, 3))
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            authors.order_by('name'), [' Sm', 'da'],
+            lambda a: a.name_part
+        )
+        authors = Author.objects.annotate(name_part=Substr('name', 2))
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            authors.order_by('name'), ['ohn Smith', 'honda'],
+            lambda a: a.name_part
+        )
+        # If alias is null, set to first 5 lower characters of the name.
+        Author.objects.filter(alias__isnull=True).update(
+            alias=Lower(Substr('name', 1, 5)),
+        )
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            authors.order_by('name'), ['smithj', 'rhond'],
+            lambda a: a.alias
+        )
+
+    def test_start(self):
+        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
+        a = Author.objects.annotate(
+            name_part_1=Substr('name', 1),
+            name_part_2=Substr('name', 2),
+        ).get(alias='smithj')
+
+        self.assertEqual(a.name_part_1[1:], a.name_part_2)
+
+    def test_pos_gt_zero(self):
+        with self.assertRaisesMessage(ValueError, "'pos' must be greater than 0"):
+            Author.objects.annotate(raises=Substr('name', 0))
+
+    def test_expressions(self):
+        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
+        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
+        substr = Substr(Upper('name'), StrIndex('name', V('h')), 5, output_field=CharField())
+        authors = Author.objects.annotate(name_part=substr)
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            authors.order_by('name'), ['HN SM', 'HONDA'],
+            lambda a: a.name_part
+        )
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/test_trim.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_trim.py
index 687d1522d3..3144aef028 100644
--- a/tests/db_functions/test_trim.py
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_trim.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ from django.db.models import CharField
 from django.db.models.functions import LTrim, RTrim, Trim
 from django.test import TestCase
 
-from .models import Author
+from ..models import Author
 
 
 class TrimTests(TestCase):
diff --git a/tests/db_functions/text/test_upper.py b/tests/db_functions/text/test_upper.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..091e815d6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/db_functions/text/test_upper.py
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+from django.db.models import CharField
+from django.db.models.functions import Upper
+from django.test import TestCase
+
+from ..models import Author
+
+
+class UpperTests(TestCase):
+
+    def test_basic(self):
+        Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
+        Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
+        authors = Author.objects.annotate(upper_name=Upper('name'))
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            authors.order_by('name'), [
+                'JOHN SMITH',
+                'RHONDA',
+            ],
+            lambda a: a.upper_name
+        )
+        Author.objects.update(name=Upper('name'))
+        self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+            authors.order_by('name'), [
+                ('JOHN SMITH', 'JOHN SMITH'),
+                ('RHONDA', 'RHONDA'),
+            ],
+            lambda a: (a.upper_name, a.name)
+        )
+
+    def test_transform(self):
+        try:
+            CharField.register_lookup(Upper)
+            Author.objects.create(name='John Smith', alias='smithj')
+            Author.objects.create(name='Rhonda')
+            authors = Author.objects.filter(name__upper__exact='JOHN SMITH')
+            self.assertQuerysetEqual(
+                authors.order_by('name'), [
+                    'John Smith',
+                ],
+                lambda a: a.name
+            )
+        finally:
+            CharField._unregister_lookup(Upper)