[5.2.x] Fixed #36464 -- Fixed "__in" tuple lookup on backends lacking native support.

When native support for tuple lookups is missing in a DB backend, it can
be emulated with an EXISTS clause. This is controlled by the backend
feature flag "supports_tuple_lookups".

The mishandling of subquery right-hand side in `TupleIn` (added to
support `CompositePrimaryKey` in Refs #373) was likely missed because
the only core backend we test with the feature flag disabled
(Oracle < 23.4) supports it natively.

Thanks to Nandana Raol for the report, and to Sarah Boyce, Jacob Walls,
and Natalia Bidart for reviews.

Backport of 192bc7a7be92e20cc250907fb4083df689715679 from main.

3 files changed, 38 insertions, 3 deletions

diff --git a/django/db/models/fields/tuple_lookups.py b/django/db/models/fields/tuple_lookups.py
index 4523a19a98..2af2e193d5 100644
--- a/django/db/models/fields/tuple_lookups.py
+++ b/django/db/models/fields/tuple_lookups.py
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 import itertools
 
 from django.core.exceptions import EmptyResultSet
-from django.db.models import Field
+from django.db import models
 from django.db.models.expressions import (
     ColPairs,
+    Exists,
     Func,
     ResolvedOuterRef,
     Subquery,
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ from django.db.models.sql.where import AND, OR, WhereNode
 class Tuple(Func):
     allows_composite_expressions = True
     function = ""
-    output_field = Field()
+    output_field = models.Field()
 
     def __len__(self):
         return len(self.source_expressions)
@@ -340,7 +341,21 @@ class TupleIn(TupleLookupMixin, In):
         rhs = self.rhs
         if not rhs:
             raise EmptyResultSet
-        if not self.rhs_is_direct_value():
+        if isinstance(rhs, Query):
+            rhs_exprs = itertools.chain.from_iterable(
+                (
+                    select_expr
+                    if isinstance((select_expr := select[0]), ColPairs)
+                    else [select_expr]
+                )
+                for select in rhs.get_compiler(connection=connection).get_select()[0]
+            )
+            rhs = rhs.clone()
+            rhs.add_q(
+                models.Q(*[Exact(col, val) for col, val in zip(self.lhs, rhs_exprs)])
+            )
+            return compiler.compile(Exists(rhs))
+        elif not self.rhs_is_direct_value():
             return super(TupleLookupMixin, self).as_sql(compiler, connection)
 
         # e.g.: (a, b, c) in [(x1, y1, z1), (x2, y2, z2)] as SQL:
diff --git a/docs/releases/5.2.4.txt b/docs/releases/5.2.4.txt
index 521ed94d6c..31f4b8984f 100644
--- a/docs/releases/5.2.4.txt
+++ b/docs/releases/5.2.4.txt
@@ -16,3 +16,7 @@ Bugfixes
 * Fixed a regression in Django 5.2.3 where ``Value(None, JSONField())`` used in
   a :class:`~django.db.models.expressions.When` condition was incorrectly
   serialized as SQL ``NULL`` instead of JSON ``null`` (:ticket:`36453`).
+
+* Fixed a crash in Django 5.2 when performing an ``__in`` lookup involving a
+  composite primary key and a subquery on backends that lack native support for
+  tuple lookups (:ticket:`36464`).
diff --git a/tests/composite_pk/test_filter.py b/tests/composite_pk/test_filter.py
index c00b6660d8..03037d4d82 100644
--- a/tests/composite_pk/test_filter.py
+++ b/tests/composite_pk/test_filter.py
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+from unittest.mock import patch
+
+from django.db import connection
 from django.db.models import (
     Case,
     F,
@@ -246,6 +249,10 @@ class CompositePKFilterTests(TestCase):
             Comment.objects.filter(user=self.user_1).contains(self.comment_1), True
         )
 
+    def test_filter_query_does_not_mutate(self):
+        queryset = User.objects.filter(comments__in=Comment.objects.all())
+        self.assertEqual(str(queryset.query), str(queryset.query))
+
     def test_filter_users_by_comments_in(self):
         c1, c2, c3, c4, c5 = (
             self.comment_1,
@@ -541,3 +548,12 @@ class CompositePKFilterTests(TestCase):
                 ).filter(filtered_tokens=(1, 1)),
                 [self.tenant_1],
             )
+
+
+@skipUnlessDBFeature("supports_tuple_lookups")
+class CompositePKFilterTupleLookupFallbackTests(CompositePKFilterTests):
+    def setUp(self):
+        feature_patch = patch.object(
+            connection.features, "supports_tuple_lookups", False
+        )
+        self.enterContext(feature_patch)